126 (145) kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker Installation & Adjustment Guide Pamantayan sa Pag-install ug Pagsulay sa 126 (145) kV Vacuum Circuit Breaker

Ang mga high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers, tungod sa ilang excellent na mga katangian sa pagpuno sa arc, kahimtang para sa regular nga pag-operate, ug long maintenance-free intervals, gipagtubag sila sa China’s power industry—espesyalmente sa urban ug rural power grid upgrades, ug sa chemical, metallurgical, railway electrification, ug mining sectors—ug nakuha sila og widespread acclaim gikan sa mga users.

Ang primary advantage sa vacuum circuit breakers nahimutang sa vacuum interrupter. Apan, ang katangian sa long maintenance interval wala nagpasabot og "no maintenance" o "maintenance-free." Para sa circuit breaker isip buo, ang vacuum interrupter usa ra ka bahin; ang uban pang mga parts sama sa operating mechanism, transmission mechanism, ug insulating components importante usab aron masigurado ang overall technical performance sa breaker. Kinahanglan nga maayo nga routine maintenance sa tanang mga komponente aron makamit ang satisfactory operational results.

I. Installation Requirements for Vacuum Circuit Breakers

Kung dili ang manufacturer explicitly guarantees otherwise, mahimong essential ang pag-conduct og routine on-site inspections bago ang installation, iwasan ang overconfidence o assumptions.

• Bago ang installation, conduct visual ug internal inspections sa vacuum circuit breaker aron masiguro nga ang vacuum interrupter, tanang parts, ug subassemblies kompleto, qualified, undamaged, ug free of foreign objects.

• Strictly follow the installation workmanship specifications; ang fasteners gamiton sa component assembly kinahanglan nga conform sa design requirements.

• Verify inter-pole distances ug positional spacing sa upper ug lower outgoing terminals aron masiguro ang compliance sa relevant technical standards.

• Ang tanang tools gamiton kinahanglan clean ug suitable sa assembly tasks. Sa tightening screws near the interrupter, dili gamiton ang adjustable wrenches (e.g., crescent wrenches).

• Ang tanang rotating ug sliding parts dapat free to move, ug lubricating grease kinahanglan apply sa friction surfaces.

• Pagkahuman sa successful overall installation ug commissioning, thoroughly clean ang unit. Mark all adjustable connection points with red paint, ug apply anti-corrosion grease sa outgoing terminal connections.

II. Adjustment of Mechanical Characteristics During Operation

Typically, ang manufacturers fully adjust mechanical parameters—sama sa contact gap, stroke, contact travel (overtravel), three-phase synchronization, opening/closing times, ug operating speeds—sa factory testing, ug provide a test record with the equipment. Sa field applications, only minor adjustments sa three-phase synchronization, opening/closing speeds, ug closing bounce usually needed bago ready ang breaker for service.

(1) Adjustment of Three-Phase Synchronization:

Identify the phase with the largest discrepancy in opening/closing timing. Kung adunay pole nga closes too early or too late, slightly increase or decrease its contact gap by rotating the adjustable coupling on its insulating pull rod half a turn inward or outward. This typically brings the out-of-synchronism within 1 mm, achieving optimal synchronization.

(2) Adjustment of Opening and Closing Speeds:

Ang opening and closing speeds influenced by multiple factors. On-site, only the opening spring tension ug contact travel (i.e., compression of the contact pressure spring) can be adjusted. The tightness of the opening spring directly affects both closing and opening speeds, while contact travel primarily influences opening speed.

• Kung closing speed is too high ug opening speed too low, slightly increase the contact travel or tighten the opening spring.

• Conversely, loosen the spring if needed.

• Kung closing speed is acceptable but opening speed is low, increase the total stroke by 0.1–0.2 mm, which increases contact travel for all poles by approximately the same amount ug raises opening speed.

• Kung opening speed is too high, reduce contact travel by 0.1–0.2 mm to lower it.

After adjusting synchronization and speeds, always re-measure ug verify the contact gap ug contact travel for each pole to ensure compliance with the manufacturer’s specifications.

(3) Elimination of Closing Bounce:

Closing bounce is a common issue in vacuum circuit breakers. Main causes include:

• Excessive mechanical impact during closing, causing axial rebound of the moving contact;

• Poor guidance of the moving contact rod, leading to excessive wobble;

• Excessive clearance in the transmission linkage;

• Poor perpendicularity between the contact surface and the central axis, causing lateral sliding upon contact.

Alangdon ang isang naka-ensambladong produkto, ang kabuuang rigidity sa struktura mao ang fixo ug dili mahimong baguhin sa site. Sa mga disenyo nga coaxial, ang contact spring direkta mao ang gipasabot sa conductive rod walay intermediate parts, kaya wala mao ang clearance. Usa ra, sa mga non-coaxial designs, usa ka triangular crank arm ang nagpapahigda sa contact spring ngadto sa moving rod pinaagi sa tulo ka pins, nahimo ang tulo ka potential clearances—ini ang key source sa bounce ug ang primary focus para sa pag-ayo. Kasagaran, ang transmission clearance sa initial end sa contact spring ngadto sa conductive rod dapat mapugoson aron mas kompakto ang linkage, naaalis ang play o buffering gaps. Kung ang bounce gikan sa poor flatness o perpendicularity sa contact surface sa interrupter, subayon ang pag-rotate sa interrupter sa 90°, 180°, o 270° sa panahon sa installation aron makita ang best mating position. Kon persisti ang problema, palitan ang vacuum interrupter.

Sa panahon sa pag-ayo sa bounce, siguradohon nga tanang screws maayo nga gi-tighten aron maprevent ang interference gikan sa vibration o shock.