Karamin Ƙananan Kirkiya na Zabe ta 10kV Daidai
I. Bayyana na Vakansu Circuit Breakers a Wani Yawanci
1. Bayyana a Tsari (ON)
Muhimmanci da zai iya kula da tsari;
Zuru mai tsari ya zama ta gida daga oil damper;
Spring mai fitowa yana cikin hali mai energy-stored (stretched);
Take da zakaɗaukar contact rod mai vakansu mai fi shahara a cikin guide plate yana da 4–5 mm;
Bellows a cikin vacuum interrupter yana iya samun (bayan wannan ba za su iya amfani da ceramic-tube interrupters);
Stickers mai nuna temperature a ƙarfin da kuma tsohon ƙarfi ba su iya samun takaitaccen la'akari.
2. Bayyana Ankonin Mai Tausa
Bolts mai ƙungiyar a ƙarfin da kuma tsohon ƙarfi;
Bolts mai ƙungiyar vacuum interrupter zuwa ƙarfin;
Bolts a ƙarfin da ke ƙungiya clamp mai tausawa.
Duka bolts masu bayyana mafi girma.
3. Bayyana Ankonin Mai Zama
Uku shafts mai zama wadanda suke linkage arm zuwa mutanen vacuum interrupter, sama da clips mai zama a ƙarɓi;
Lock nuts da jam nuts mai ƙungiyar pull rod zuwa linkage arm;
Shida M20 bolts mai ƙungiyar support insulators (a cikin frame mai vakansu circuit breaker);
Bolts mai ƙungiyar vacuum circuit breaker;
Lock nut da jam nut mai ƙungiyar main shaft zuwa linkage arm;
Welded joints a cikin rods mai zama don cracks ko fractures;
Shaft pins a cikin main drive shaft don looseness ko detachment.
Ba a yi aiki da abubuwan a cikin static frame mai vakansu circuit breaker, don hana ma su ci gaba da vacuum interrupter.
4. Bayyana Cikin Vacuum Interrupter
Bayyana Erosion Contact
A nan da multiple interruptions of short-circuit currents, contacts of the vacuum interrupter may suffer erosion due to arcing. Contact loss should not exceed 3 mm. Inspection methods include: measuring the interrupter’s contact gap and comparing it with previous results; measuring loop resistance using DC resistance method; checking for obvious changes in compression travel. If contact erosion occurs but adjustments bring parameters back within specifications, the interrupter may continue in service (subject to comprehensive assessment).
Bayyana Integrity Vacuum of the Interrupter
Visually inspect the glass (or ceramic) envelope of the vacuum interrupter for cracks or damage; check the welded joints at both ends of the interrupter for deformation, displacement, or detachment. Disconnect the pin between the pull rod and the linkage arm, then manually pull the contact rod to check whether it automatically returns—ensuring the moving contact remains self-held in the closed position (due to external atmospheric pressure). If the holding force is weak or there is no return movement, vacuum integrity has likely decreased.
Use power-frequency withstand voltage test for qualitative verification. For example, if a 10kV vacuum circuit breaker shows insulation strength below 42 kV, this indicates reduced vacuum level and the interrupter should be replaced.
II. Bayyana na Vakansu Circuit Breakers a Yawancin Abin Da Ba
1. Dabba a Cikin Chamber Mai Vakansu
Idan dabba a cikin chamber mai vakansu an samu a bayyana, kuma grounding ko short-circuit ba a faru, amsa a matsayin dispatch, koyar load zuwa line na baya, kuma sakata reclosing relay link.
2. Abin Da Ba Level Mai Vakansu A Yawanci
Vacuum circuit breakers utilize high vacuum for insulation and arc extinguishing due to its high dielectric strength. They exhibit excellent arc-quenching performance, require minimal maintenance, have long service life, support frequent operation, operate reliably, and are suitable for switching high-voltage motors, capacitor banks, and other indoor 6–35 kV equipment. Contacts are typically made of copper-chromium alloy, with rated currents up to 1000–3150 A, and rated breaking currents up to 25–40 kA.
Full-capacity breaking capability can reach 30–50 operations. Most are equipped with electromagnetic or spring-operated mechanisms. The vacuum level in the interrupter must be maintained above 1.33 × 10⁻² Pa for reliable operation. If the vacuum level drops below this value, arc extinction cannot be guaranteed. Since field measurement of vacuum level is difficult, qualification is generally determined by passing a power-frequency withstand voltage test.During routine inspection, observe the color of the shield (screen) for abnormal changes. Pay special attention to the arc color when the breaker opens. Under normal conditions, the arc appears pale blue; if the vacuum level decreases, the arc turns orange-red—indicating the need to request shutdown, inspection, and replacement of the vacuum interrupter.
Main causes of reduced vacuum level include: poor material selection, inadequate sealing, defective metal bellows sealing, over-travel exceeding the bellows’ design range during commissioning, or excessive impact force.
Additionally, check for reduction in overtravel (i.e., measure contact wear). When cumulative wear exceeds the specified limit (4 mm), the vacuum interrupter must be replaced.
III. Kwallon Abin Da Ba Da Bayyana na Vacuum Circuit Breakers
1. Failure to Close Electrically
Cause: Detachment between the solenoid core and pull rod.
Solution: Adjust the position of the solenoid core—remove the stationary core to make adjustment—so that manual closing becomes possible. At the end of closing, ensure a 1–2 mm clearance exists between the latch and the roller.
2. Closing Without Latching ("Empty Close")
Cause: Insufficient latching distance—the latch fails to pass the toggle point.
Solution: Turn the adjusting screw outward to ensure the latch passes the toggle point. After adjustment, tighten the screw and seal it with red paint.
3. Failure to Trip Electrically
Excessive latching engagement. Turn the screw inward and tighten the locknut.
Disconnected wiring in the trip coil. Reconnect and secure the terminals.
Low operating voltage. Adjust the control voltage to the specified level.
4. Burnout of Closing or Tripping Coils
Cause: Poor contact at auxiliary switch contacts.
Solution: Clean the contacts with sandpaper or replace the auxiliary switch; replace the faulty closing or tripping coil as needed.
