Ayyuka da Tattalin Yakin Zabuwa don 15kV Outdoor Vacuum Automatic Circuit Reclosers

Daga cikakken statisti, yawan mutanen abu a tsari na gwiwa suna da shawarwari, wanda abubuwan da suka faru ba za a yi kiyaye su ba tare da 10%. Yanzu, masana'antu mai sauƙi (MV) suna amfani da 15 kV outdoor vacuum automatic circuit reclosers tare da sectionalizers. Wannan takawa ya taimaka waɗanda suke sautin kirkiro bayan abubuwan da suka faru da shawarwari, kuma ya taimaka waɗanda suke koyar da birnin da aka faru a lokacin da abubuwan da suka faru ba a yi kiyaye su. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a tabbatar da yanayin hanyar automatic recloser controllers don in taimaka waɗanda suke zama da inganci.

1.Tsarin Littattafai (Na Zamani Da Kasa)

1.1 Tabbacce Automatic Reclosers
Automatic reclosers ana cikin duwwan kungiyoyi: current-type da voltage-type. Current-type reclosers sun nuna abubuwan da suka faru, sun yi kiyaye su karkashin, kuma sun yi kiyaye su automatika—yanayin da suke yi kiyaye su daga baya zuwa uku. Sun yi aiki a matsayin alamun da suke koyar da abubuwan da suka faru, kuma a matsayin reclosers. An samun koyar da abubuwan da suka faru tare da koyar da wurare daga wuraren da ke jirgin ruwa har zuwa inda an samun wura da aka faru. Amma wannan hanyar ya ba masana'anta da fuskantar abubuwan da suka faru mafi yawa, kuma ya ba ta da lokaci mafi yawa. Saboda haka, wannan hanyar ana iya amfani da shi idan akwai wurare biyu ko uku, kuma yana da muhimmanci a matsayin branch ko radial feeders.

Voltage-type reclosers, kuma, sun yi kiyaye su idan an haɓa shiga ruwa, kuma sun yi kiyaye su bayan lokaci da aka sanya idan an samun shiga ruwa. A cikin wannan hanyar, substation feeder circuit breaker ya kamata a yi kiyaye su biyu don in koyar da abubuwan da suka faru da kuma in sautin kirkiro: kiyaye uku na samun wura da aka faru tare da tara da adadin sectionalizer switches da suke koyar, kuma bayan haka an koyar da switchs da ke jirgin wura da aka faru; kiyaye uku na sautin kirkiro wurare da ba suka faru ba. Idan an amfani da overcurrent instantaneous protection a matsayin substation feeder breaker, wannan hanyar ba shi da muhimmanci a matsayin feeders masu yawan lokaci. Amma saboda yawan inganci na masana'anta, wannan maimaita ya zama da yawa. Voltage-type reclosers suna da muhimmanci a matsayin short radial ko looped networks, kuma sun taimaka waɗanda suke yi aiki mai automatika na musamman.

1.2 Masu Gwaji Daga Hanyoyin Bincike Na Musamman
Saboda hakkin yadda ake gina da kuma hadin kai na lokacin da ake yi aiki, automatic reclosers suna iya haɗa da kiyaye su da kiyaye su da shawarwari. Hanyoyin bincike na musamman suna amfani da zamantakewa da ke da aiki, wanda ya ba da cost mafi yawa.

1.3 Yanayin Littattafai Da Tsarin Farko (Na Zamani Da Kasa)
Don 15 kV MV outdoor vacuum automatic circuit reclosers, amfani da shi a kasar China suna amfani da hanyoyin bincike na musamman, sama da insulation resistance tests, control circuit insulation resistance tests, da AC withstand voltage tests. Wannan hanyoyin na musamman suna da muhimmiyar maimaito: zamantakewa da ke da aiki suna da yawan da kuma ba su da muhimmanci a matsayin transport; binciken ita suna da damuwar gwajin kusa, wanda ya ba da damuwar hankali; kuma wannan hanyar ya ba da yawan mutanen da kuma resources. Integrated diagnostic systems suna da muhimmanci a matsayin amfani da shi a cikin ayyukan, amma ba a yi amfani da shi a cikin ayyukan ba.

An samu faɗa mafi yawa a kan controller-level diagnostics for 15 kV MV outdoor vacuum automatic circuit reclosers. An yi amfani da modern automatic analyzers. Wadannan zamantakewa suna da interfaces da suke da muhimmanci, wanda ke taimaka waɗanda suke yi “plug-and-play” compatibility across reclosers from different manufacturers. By injecting controlled current signals into the recloser controller, the analyzer measures key responses such as Time-Current Characteristic (TCC) curves and control sequences. It offers precise control over waveform, timing, and amplitude of injected currents and accurately records the controller’s response—with timing resolution down to the microsecond level. The system can fully automate a complete test sequence and instantly display textual results, including trip commands, reclose actions, reset, lockout events, and associated timestamped logs.

Yanayin littattafai na intelligent fault diagnosis suna da faɗa mafi yawa a cikin:

• Integrated intelligent fault diagnosis technologies;

• Networked intelligent diagnostic systems;

•  Adaptive intelligent diagnostic architectures.

2.Fault Diagnosis Technology for 15 kV MV Outdoor Vacuum Automatic Circuit Reclosers

Fault diagnosis system for 15 kV MV outdoor vacuum automatic circuit reclosers ana da muhimmanci wajen tattauna aikinsa recloser controllers da ake amfani da su a cikin medium-voltage overhead lines. Bayan an kula "circuit breaker unit" da recloser controller, an yi amfani da software don in inject various simulated fault currents into the controller and triggers corresponding open/close operations according to the controller’s logic. The system records the controller’s response to these simulated current changes and analyzes—via software—whether the controller correctly identifies fault conditions and executes appropriate control actions in compliance with specifications.

Wannan diagnostic system tana da muhimmanci wajen tattauna aikinsa recloser controllers. An yi amfani da shi don in kula various recloser models through either universal or customized interfaces, and all control and testing functions are executed through dedicated analysis software. Key features of the system include:

• High-Precision Current Source: The system employs a high-accuracy, high-resolution, and reliable current source to ensure realistic simulation of fault currents. Software control allows comprehensive adjustment of current parameters—including waveform, amplitude, rise time, duration, and fall time—and provides real-time visualization of current waveforms and magnitudes for enhanced analytical capability.

• Universal Interface Design: A standardized interface enables true “plug-and-play” operation in the field, facilitating seamless signal and data transmission.

• Baban TCC Curve Database: Karakteristik ampere-second (ya'ni, Time-Current Characteristic ko TCC curve) yana nuna hankali da kuma asali na amfani da zama da tarihin faɗa, ciki har zuwa fast da slow TCC curves. Babban bayanin software yana haɗa da muhimman TCC curve libraries kamar Cooper, IEEE (US), da IEC standards, wanda ke taimaka wa a yi hukumomin da kuma ingantaccen shawarwari.

• Ingantaccen Bincike Bayanan Test Data: Sisteminsu yana haɗa da shiga bayanai daga recloser ta hanyar bincike, sannan yana nuna abubuwan bincike mai gaba - ciki har zuwa graphical representations da reports - wadanda suke bayyana trip, reclose, lockout, da wasu abubuwan halayyar aiki.

3.Koƙarin Bincike

Tattalin arziki na 15 kV MV outdoor vacuum automatic circuit reclosers yana iya taimaka wajen samun tasirin wasu abubuwan tsanani, ciki har zuwa:

• Tsanani na instantaneous reclosing;

• Tsunawa na standard TCC curves;

• Tsanani na overcurrent protection;

• Tsanani na timing na reclose interval;

• Tsanani na closing lockout mechanisms.

Wannan teknologi yana nuna babban yanayi daga cikin yanayi masu takardun da aka rarrabe a kan maintenance zuwa advanced condition-based maintenance na reclosers. Ta taimaka wajen samun bincike da kuma ingantaccen shawarwari na controller unit, wanda yake yin alama mai yawa a kan mulkin bincike na recloser da kuma taimakawa wajen sahara matsalolin gwamnatin network da kuma tabbatar da kyauwar grid.