Kofin da & Haɓaka Cikakken Gwadon Karami a Tasha

"Faults of catenary isolating switches" sun fiye kisan gaba-gaban da take da suka shafi a cikin hanyar yanzu. Wannan kisan gaba-gabanta na iya shafi ne saboda abubuwa masu inganci na switch, abubuwan kisa na kontrolloko, ko kuma abubuwan kisa na kontrolloko mara, wanda ke jan ta ba za a yi amfani da switch ko kuma yin amfani da ita daga baya. Saboda haka, wannan rubutu ya tattaunawa kisan gaba-gabanta masu mafi yawan waɗa a cikin hanyar yanzu da kuma hanyoyin da zai amfani a kan lokacin da yake faru.

1. Kisan Gaba-Gabanta Masu Mafi Yawan Waɗa Da Catenary Isolating Switches

1.1 Abubuwan Inganci (Yadda tsari na kisa mai kyau a cikin switch, yadda tsari na kisa mai kyau a cikin lead, yadda tsari na kisa mai kyau a cikin insulators)

1.1.1 A cikin hanyar yanzu, catenary isolating switch ita ce babban muhimmiyar da ke cikin kisa mai kyau, yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin kisa mai kyau ya kasance da wannan: idan lokomotif mai sharhi yake faɗi sharhi daga kisa, yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin kisa ya zama maye da ya sauya, wanda ke jan ta gudanar da kisa, catenary power outage, gudanar da yakin da yake yi, da kuma abubuwan gaba-gabanta a kan kisa mai kyau.

1.1.2 Yadda tsari mai kyau ko kuma kisan kisa mai kyau, yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin wire clamps, ko kuma yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin lead da clamps na catenary isolating switch, zai iya ba da shi a bangaren bayan da traction power supply yake faɗi sharhi zuwa kisa mai kyau, wanda ke jan ta gudanar da kisa mai kyau da kuma yakin da yake yi.

1.1.3 Insulators na catenary isolating switch, idan yana zama mai kyau, mai kyau, ko kuma yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin tsari mai kyau, zai iya ba da shi a bangaren flashover saboda hankali mai kyau a cikin ground, wanda ke jan ta gudanar da tripping da traction substation, catenary power outage, da kuma gudanar da yakin da yake yi.

1.2 Abubuwan Kisa Na Kontrolloko
Kisa na kontrolloko na catenary isolating switch tana da muhimmin mutanen da ake amfani a cikinsu, kamar motors, relays, da kuma power switches. Abubuwan kisa na kontrolloko sun faru a cikin kisa na kontrolloko na biyu, a cikin yadda tsari mai kyau a cikin kisa na biyu, terminals mai kyau, abubuwan motor mai kyau, da kuma abubuwan contactor ko open/close buttons, wanda ke jan ta gudanar da abubuwan kisa mai kyau.

1.3 Abubuwan Kisa Na Tattalin Arziki
1.3.1 Abubuwan Catenary Switch Monitoring and Control Terminal (RTU).Abubuwan RTU masu mafi yawan waɗa sun haɗa da: 

• Kisan tattalin arziki na RTU

• Rarrabe da shiga/kwace na catenary switch body ko miniature circuit breaker;

• Kisan tattalin arziki na external power supply

1.3.2 Abubuwan Optical Cable and Power Cable
Abubuwan masu mafi yawan waɗa sun haɗa da: 

• Kisan optical fiber cable;

• Kisan power cable; 

• Kisan charging module.

2.Hanyoyin Da Zai Amfani A Kan Kisan Gaba-Gabanta Masu Mafi Yawan Waɗa Da Catenary Isolating Switches

2.1 Hanyoyin Da Zai Amfani A Kan Abubuwan Inganci
Zaɓe tattalin arziki, testing, da kuma takaitaccen catenary isolating switches. Yi cleaning da maintenance shekararren shekara; don arewa da take da shirya, yi cleaning da maintenance kowace 3 months; don arewa da take da shirya, yi cleaning da maintenance kowace 6 months. A lokacin da ake yi maintenance, zaɓe tattalin arziki bolts a upper da lower connection points da kuma yi tightening da torque wrench. Tightening torque na duka connecting bolts zai iya tabbata da ma'anoni da aka bayyana a Table1 don karkashin kisan loose connections wanda ke jan ta gudanar da discharge na kisa. 

Tattala sag, integrity, da insulation distance na switch leads. Don kisan yadda tsari mai kyau wanda ke jan ta maye, zaɓe tattalin arziki a loop resistance a contact parts a lokacin da ake yi testing: idan test current ita ce 100A, loop resistance a contact point ba zai iya kuɗi 50μΩ. Tattala contacts, wipe them gently with gasoline and a cloth, then apply petroleum jelly. Use a 0.05×10mm feeler gauge to check the tightness of contact between contact fingers and contacts. In practice, inadequate maintenance and testing have led to burned isolating switches, as shown in Figure 1 below:

2.2 Tattalin Kalmomin Kwalwa na Dabbobi na Kontrola

Bincike dabbobi na biyu a cikin dabbobi na kontrola. Tashar da karkara ya zama daidai. Bincike kontakotoci, sakamakon masu sauki, da kuma bututuka mai kula da kula. Da tabbacin da sakamakon masu sauki suka shiga da kyau da kuma inganci. Bincike hanyoyi da ke gaba da damar da kuma tashar da karkara. Zama da damar da takaitaccen labaran biyu da kuma tashar da karkara. Gudanar da hanyoyi masu gaba da damar. A cikin tattalin kwalma, bincike hanyoyin da suka haifar da kuma magana, da kuma tafiyar da suka haifar. Duba cewa ana da damar da kuma tafiyar da suka haifar. Ba da gaban, karfin da karkara da kula da kula uku da yawa da kula da kula har zuwa don duba cewa ana yi aiki da kyau.

2.3 Tattalin Kalmomin Kwalwa na Dabbobi na Gabatarwa Masu Yawanci:

2.3.1 Idan gabatarwa masu yawanci RTU ta kasa, bincike abokan kasa RTU don duba cewa babban mafi kasa ba ta kasa ba. Idan babban mafi kasa ba ta kasa ba, bincike cibiyoyin nuna na modulen RTU suka zama daidai. Idan cibiyoyin nuna suna zama daidai, bincike idan terminalin RTU ta kashe saboda aiki da zaman lafiya. Sake koye RTU da duba cewa ya zama da aiki da kyau. Idan ba ta zama da aiki da kyau (cibiyoyin TX/RX mai kula da kula ba suka zama daidai), zan iya cewa nodon mai kula da kulan na modulen RTU an samu kwalwa, kuma zaka iya canza terminalin RTU don duba amfani.

2.3.2 Idan akwai tushen da ba daidai game da yanayin kula da kula kan jiki ko kuliyar mafi kasa, bincike idan jiki da kuliyar mafi kasa suna zama daidai. Idan suke cewa suna zama daidai, bincike idan terminalin biyu na gabatarwa masu yawanci RTU (KF1/KH1/KC1)/(YX1/YX2) suka gaba. Bincike idan kuliyar mafi kasa ya zama da aiki da kyau. Idan ya zama da aiki da kyau, yanayinsa ya zama daidai. Idan kuliyar mafi kasa ya zama da aiki da kyau, yanayinsa ya zama daidai. Idan akwai tushen da ba daidai, bincike idan terminalin gabatarwa masu yawanci RTU (KF2/KH2/KC2)/(YX3/YX4) suka gaba.

2.3.3 Idan akwai kasa masu kasa, bincike idan abokan kasa (da kasa ko kasa) ana da kasa ko kasa. Bincike hanyoyin da ake kasa shugaban kasa. Yi aiki da continuity testing don bincike idan tafiyar da ke haifar ta zama da ground da kuma kasa. Bincike idan terminalin biyu na RTU (YX15/COM) suka gaba.

2.3.4 Idan akwai kwalwa a cikin kasa optical, amfani da Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) don bincike idan hanyoyin da ake kasa shugaban kasa optical an haifar. Tattaunawa aiki da optical power meter don bincike kasa optical. Bincike tail fibers a cikin kutin RTU idan suka haifar ko kasa, kuma sake canza tail fibers da kadan.

3. Kammala

Mazaunan isolating switches na catenary a yanzu suna da amfani a watsa rayuwar da ake amfani a tsarin rayuwar da ake amfani da elektrik. Suna zama wani muhimmiyar muhimman tsarin a cikin amfani da kasa masu rayuwar da ake amfani da elektrik. Yadda ake iya kare kwalwa a cikin mazaunan isolating switches na catenary da kuma yadda ake iya kalmomi da kwalwa bayan a faru—don kare kwasu kwalwa, kuma kare lokaci da ake kasa da kasa, da kuma kare matsaloli a cikin amfani da rayuwar—yana bukata muni a yi aiki da kyau, a yi ilimi da kuma a yi tarihi, da kuma a yi tsafta a cikin kalmomin kwalwa na mazaunan isolating switches na catenary don kare amfani da rayuwar da ake amfani da elektrik da kyau.