Sistemai na Kirkiro mai Yawan Duniya: Tabbacin Da Amsa

1). Misali da ake kira under-voltage protection?

Yana taimaka waɗanda suka ƙirƙira ƙaramin ƙarfi daga ƙoƙarin ƙara, ko ƙaramin gasan daga ƙoƙarin ƙara a lokacin da ake yi parallel operation. Yana taimaka kuma daga rahoton da ke faruwa idan ana ƙoƙari masana ƙarfi zuwa switchboard.

2). Me ya fi ƙaramin ƙarfi overload safety mai tsarki?

Ake sa shiga short circuit protection, da, idan yake da muhimmanci, single-phase protection. Kuma, a halayen overcurrent protection, an samu Overload alarm wanda ake gina shiga baya na biyuwar hanyoyin amfani da ita.

3). Me ne matsalolin da ake ƙirƙiri alternator paralleling?

Za a bayyana wasu matsaloli don ƙaramin ƙarfi zai iya ƙirƙira daidai.

Voltage na ƙaramin ƙarfi da take ƙara zai ba da muhimmanci da voltage na bus-bar.

Frequency na ƙaramin ƙarfi da take ƙara zai ba da muhimmanci da frequency na bus-bar.

Matsalolin ɗaya na ƙaramin ƙarfi 3-phase shine cewa sequence na phase na ƙaramin ƙarfi da take ƙara zai ba da muhimmanci da sequence na bus-bars.

4). Lokacin da yake ƙara ƙarfin ƙaramin ƙarfi?

An samu Free App Electrical Diagram

Wanda ƙaramin ƙarfi ta ƙara system a kan switchgear, da ƙaramin ƙarfi ɗawa da ƙaramin ƙarfi ɗaya. A lokacin da system yake ƙara, ƙarfin ta ƙara daga ƙaramin ƙarfi zuwa switchgear.

Idan ƙaramin ƙarfi ɗaya ta ƙara ƙeƙe & voltage na terminal ta ta ƙara ƙeƙe da system voltage, ƙaramin ƙarfi zai ƙara da ma'adoni da ƙarfin ta ƙara daga switchgear zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfi. Wannan shine muke ƙarfin ƙaramin ƙarfi. Idan ƙaramin ƙarfi ta ƙara ƙeƙe, abubuwan da za suka faruwa suna haɗa da ƙaramin ƙarfi.

5). Me ne yadda ake taimaka daga ƙarfin ƙaramin ƙarfi?

Anti-motoring na taimaka daga ƙarfin ƙaramin ƙarfi. Kyakkyawan wannan kwamote shine taimaka ƙaramin ƙarfi, ba ƙaramin ƙarfi. Yana iya ƙara ƙaramin ƙarfi da kuma ƙara supply na fuel.

6). Me ne “preferential trip” mean? Me ne yadda ake samun shi?

A lokacin da yake ƙara ƙaramin ƙarfi (ko) overload, preferential trip wata ƙaramin ƙarfi a kan ship wanda ake gina shiga ƙara non-essential circuit, ko non-essential load, daga main bus bar. Don taimaka, yana ƙara non-essential loads (kamar galley da air conditioning) amma yana ƙara necessary loads (kamar ƙaramin ƙarfi).

7). Me ne kyakkyawan earth fault indicator wanda ake nuna a kan switch board?

Yana ƙara ƙaramin ƙarfi a kan phase to earth connection a kan circuit da kuma yana nuna ƙaramin ƙarfi.

8). Me ne yadda ake ƙara reverse power a kan alternators, ba reverse current?

Idan ƙara reverse current yana da ƙwarewa a kan alternating current (AC) system, amma reverse power zai iya ƙara da kuma taimaka daga reverse power relay.

9). Me ne ma'anar “excitation” a kan alternator?

Electric generator (ko) electric motor na da rotor wanda yake ƙara a kan magnetic field. Magnetic field yana iya ƙara daga permanent magnets ko field coils. A halayen machine da field coils, yana buƙaci current wajen ƙara field; baa, ba ƙarfin da ba ta ƙara ba. Excitation shine ƙaramin ƙara magnetic field da electric current.

10). Me ne ma'anar residual magnetism?

Residual magnetism shine siffo mai yiwuwa cewa excitation ɗaya ta ƙara a kan conductor bayan ake ƙara magnets.

11). Me ne yadda speed na three-phase induction motor yake ƙara?

Speed na standard three-phase induction motor yana ƙara da frequency na voltage da ake ƙara. Ƙara speed na motor yana buƙaci ƙara three-phase power frequency converter. Zan iya ƙara wannan da tattaunawa power MOSFETs (ko) IGBTs wanda suke iya ƙara high voltages da fast switching speeds.

12). Me ne kyakkyawan self-monitoring alarm circuit?

Yana ƙara ƙaramin ƙarfi na health a kan alarm circuit. Haka, yana ƙara idan power supply na alarm circuit yana ƙara da kuma idan duka relays da contacts su ƙara.

13). Me ne yadda emergency generator yake ƙara automatically?

Yana ƙara daga undervoltage relay. A lokacin da yake ƙara ƙaramin ƙarfi, undervoltage relay yana ƙara loss of voltage da kuma yana ƙara emergency generator. Duk da haka, a lokacin da ake ƙara electricity, relay yana ƙara emergency generator.

14). Me ne kyakkyawan shaft generator?

Shaft generator yana ƙara primary engine. Yana ƙara frequency converter (thyristor operated) wanda yana ƙara variable engine speed zuwa near constant speed da kuma yana ƙara electrical power. Ana iya ƙara shi a full speed a sea (ba a manoeuvring speed ba).

15). Me ne ƙaramin ƙarfi da ake amfani da su a kan alternator?

• Rotary: Wannan ƙaramin ƙarfi yana amfani da rotating diode rectifiers, primary exciter, da main exciter.

• Static :Brushes da slide rings suke ƙara static excitation.

16). Me ne main electrical power sources a kan ship?

Batteries da generators na main sources of electrical power a kan ship. Batteries yana ƙara electrical energy for the immediate use, while generators generate power when batteries are depleted.

17). Me ne kyakkyawan ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) a maritime electrical system, and where should be installed?

Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) yana ƙara ƙara power immediately when it identifies a ground fault (current leakage). It should be fitted in locations where there is a risk of water exposure, such as galley & bathroom outlets.

18). Explain why correct cable size and voltage drop concerns are important in maritime electrical systems.

The proper size of cables assures that electrical circuits are capable of carrying the appropriate current without experiencing excessive voltage drop. Voltage drop may affect device performance and cause wire to overheat.

19). How do you calculate a maritime circuit breaker’s capacity (ampacity) for a certain application?