Mafiya da Faduwa a Kula da Kula Dubu a Makarantun Kuɗi

Mafiyan da Kyau da Gwamnati na Nisa-ni a Makarantun Kasa

A makarantun kasa da nisa-ni ana amfani da duhu masu gine. Wannan gine da kuma fadada duka shi an haɗa da duhu masu gine a kan tsohon jirgin sama da duhu masu hanyar rike gine, wanda ya ba su aiki a matsayin gine mai aiki ko gine mai ɗaya. An haske duhu masu gine a kan tsohon jirgin sama da gine (da ake kira gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine, QFL), kamar yadda aka baka a cikin ƙarfin da ake bi.

I. Mafiyan da Kyau na Nisa-ni a Makarantun Kasa

• Yanayin aiki mai sauƙi. Zan iya aiki ta hanyar duk da duhu masu gine ta hanyar tsari da adadin gine da fadada duka shi a bayan duhu masu gine da kuma saukar gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine; kuma zan iya aiki a matsayin gine ɗaya da tsari da kawo gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine.

• Idan ɗaya daga cikin duhu masu gine yana aiki a matsayin yanayi, gine da fadada duka shi za su iya ci gaba a matsayin aiki ba tare da kawo abin daɗi. Misali, idan Gine I yana buƙata a matsayin yanayi, duka ƙarfin za su iya haɗa zuwa Gine II—wanda ake kira “gine mai ƙungiya.” Yanayin da ke faru shine:

• Karkashin, duba cewa Gine II yana ƙwaƙwa. Don haka, kawo ƙarfin haihuwa na gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine QFL, sannan kawo QFL don kara Gine II. Idan Gine II yana ƙwaƙwa, ci gaba zuwa yanayin da ke faru.

• Haɗa duka ƙarfin zuwa Gine II. Karkashin, ƙara ƙarfin kontrollo na DC na QFL, sannan haɗa kawo ƙarfin haihuwa na Gine II daga ƙarfin daban-daban, sannan kara ƙarfin haihuwa na Gine I.

• Saka ƙarfin kontrollo na DC na QFL, sannan kara QFL da kuma ƙarfin haihuwarsa. Ana iya kawo Gine I don yanayi a matsayin yanayi.

• Idan an buƙata ƙarfin haihuwa na ɗaya daga ƙarfin daban-daban, kawai ƙarfin daban-daban yana buƙata. Misali, idan an buƙata ƙarfin haihuwa QS1, karkashin kara gine sama da WL1 da kuma ƙarfin haihuwarsa, sannan haɗa gine da fadada duka shi zuwa Gine I. QS1 yana ƙama da gine da fadada duka shi, kuma za su iya buƙata da ƙeƙe.

• Idan an samu yanayi a cikin Gine I, duka ƙarfin za su iya ci gaba da tsari. Idan an samu yanayi a cikin Gine I, gine ƙarfin gine daban-daban za su kusa ƙara. A wannan lokacin, kara gine ƙarfin daban-daban da kuma ƙarfin haihuwa na Gine I, kawo ƙarfin haihuwa na Gine II daga ƙarfin daban-daban, sannan ci gaba kawo gine ƙarfin gine daban-daban da kuma ƙarfin daban-daban—don haka za su iya ci gaba da tsari a cikin Gine II.

• Idan an buƙata ƙarfin gine daban-daban, gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine za su iya ƙara ƙarfin gine daban-daban. Misali, idan an buƙata QF1, yanayin da ke faru shine: karkashin haɗa duka ƙarfin daban-daban zuwa gine mafi yawa, sannan QFL da QF1 suna haɗa zuwa gine mafi yawa. Sannan kara QF1 da kuma ƙarfin haihuwarsa, kara ƙarfin a kan ƙarfin daban-daban, sannan haɗa kawo ƙarfin haihuwa na gine mafi yawa da kuma gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine QFL. Saboda haka, WL1 yana ci gaba a kan QFL. A cikin wannan yanayin, WL1 ya ƙara abin daɗi ne. Duk da haka, idan an samu abin daɗi (misali, yanayi, ƙarfin ba a yi, ko ƙarfin ba a yi) a cikin ƙarfin gine daban-daban, duka ƙarfin daban-daban za su iya haɗa zuwa gine mafi yawa, sannan QFL da ƙarfin da ake samu abin daɗi suka haɗa zuwa gine mafi yawa. Sannan kara QFL, sannan kara ƙarfin haihuwarsa, don haka ƙarfin da ake samu abin daɗi ya ƙara.

• Yanayin cin kofin. Nisa-ni a makarantun kasa tana ba su karin kofin da ba tare da kawo abin daɗi. Abubuwan cin kofin ba su kawo abin daɗi a cikin ƙarfin daban-daban.

II. Gwamnati na Nisa-ni a Makarantun Kasa

• A cikin yanayin gine mai ƙungiya, duka ƙarfin daban-daban za su haɗa zuwa gine mafi yawa a kan ƙarfin haihuwa, wanda ya ba su karin yanayin da ya ba su iya ƙara ƙarfin.

• Idan an samu yanayi a cikin Gine I, duka ƙarfin gine da ƙarfin daban-daban za su ƙara abin daɗi (a cikin lokacin gine mai ƙungiya).

• Idan an buƙata ƙarfin gine daban-daban, ƙarfin daban-daban yana buƙata ko ƙara abin daɗi (idan an haɗa zuwa gine mai ƙungiyar masu gine).

• An buƙaci ƙarfin haihuwa da ƙwarewa, kuma ƙwarewa masu gine ya ƙara, wanda ya ba su karin yanayin da ya ba su iya ƙara ƙarfin, kuma ya ƙara miliyan da kyau da karamin ƙwarewa masu gine.

Tsari na aiki:

• Don ƙwarewa masu gine 6 kV, idan ƙarfin sama ta ƙara;

• Don ƙwarewa masu gine 35 kV da ƙarfin daban-daban masu ƙara;

• Don ƙwarewa masu gine 110 kV zuwa 220 kV da ƙarfin daban-daban masu ƙara.