Pagsulay sa mga Katangian sa High-Voltage Circuit Breaker: Mga Paraan ug Precautions
Ang pagsulay sa katangian sa high-voltage circuit breaker naglakip gihapon sa pag-sulay sa mechanical performance, pagkuha sa loop resistance, pag-verify sa anti-pumping function, ug pagsulay sa non-full-phase protection. Ania ang detalyadong mga proseso sa pag-sulay ug ang mga key precautions.
1.1 Pagsusi sa Technical Documentation
Pagsusi sa manual sa operating mechanism aron maunawaan ang iyang struktura, working principle, ug technical parameters (e.g., opening/closing time, synchronization requirements, contact travel). Kolektar ang mga installation records, maintenance logs, ug previous test reports aron mas analisis ang mga historical anomalies.
1.2 Pag-prepare sa Equipment
I-prepare ang circuit breaker mechanical characteristics tester, loop resistance tester, relay protection tester, etc. Siguraduhon nga tanang instruments naka-calibrate ug nag-meet sa required accuracy standards.
1.3 Safety Measures
Idisconnect ang control ug energy storage power bago ang pag-sulay; irelease ang stored energy sa operating mechanism.
Ang mga personnel kinahanglan magdala og insulated gloves, safety goggles, ug uban pang protective gear. I-set up ang warning signs sa test area.
Siguraduhon ang proper grounding sa test equipment aron maprevent ang risks gikan sa induced voltage o leakage current.
2.1 Pagkuha sa Opening/Closing Time
I-install ang displacement sensors sa moving contacts o gamiton ang auxiliary contacts aron makapag-capture og motion signals. Operate ang breaker sa rated control voltage ug rated operating pressure. Ang tester awtomatikong mogrerecord sa opening ug closing times. Perform multiple measurements (at least 3), kuhaa ang average, ug ikompare sa manufacturer specifications.
2.2 Synchronization Check
Kuhaa ang time difference tali sa pinakabilis ug pinakabag-o phase sa panahon sa opening/closing. Ang phase-to-phase synchronization error dili dapat moadto sa 3–5ms; ang inter-pole synchronization sa same phase mas gamay pa. Kon out of tolerance, isuri ang consistency sa transmission link lengths, positioning, o hydraulic system parameters.
2.3 Contact Travel ug Overtravel Measurement
Gamiton ang stroke measurement function sa tester o indirect calculate ang travel ug overtravel gikan sa linkage displacement. Ang values kinahanglan komplye sa product standards. Adjust ang transmission components kon may deviations.
2.4 Pagkuha sa Opening/Closing Speed
Kuhaa ang speed sa defined segment near the instant of contact separation (just-open) ug contact touch (just-closed). Calculate ang just-open speed, just-closed speed, ug maximum speed. Ang results kinahanglan adto sa specified limits. Abnormal values mao ang indication sa issues sa hydraulic pressure, spring condition, o drive components.
2.5 Closing Bounce Time Measurement (Applicable to Vacuum Circuit Breakers)
Kuhaa ang time interval tali sa initial ug final contact engagement sa panahon sa closing. Typical required to be ≤2ms. Excessive bounce mao ang maka-impaire sa arc interruption; isuri ang contact pressure ug spring performance.

3.1 Define Conductive Path
Identify key components sa conductive path: line terminals, load terminals, ug contact system.
3.2 Clean Test Points
Remove oxidation ug dirt gikan sa contact surfaces gamit ang sandpaper o cleaning tools aron sigurado ang good electrical contact.
3.3 Measure Loop Resistance
Gamiton ang micro-ohmmeter aron ipasa ang constant DC current (e.g., 100A or 200A) sa main circuit ug kuhaa ang voltage drop. Calculate resistance accordingly. Typical values range from tens to hundreds of micro-ohms. Exceeding limits indicates poor contact, loose bolts, o deteriorated contacts requiring inspection.
4.1 Test Method
Kon ang breaker closed, simultaneously apply close ug trip commands. Ang breaker should trip once ug remain locked out—no re-closing.
Kon ang breaker open, apply close ug trip commands together. It should close then immediately trip, ending in the open position.
4.2 Function Verification
Kon only one trip occurs ug ang anti-pumping relay reliably locks the closing circuit, ang function is normal. Kon repeated operation ("pumping") occurs o ang relay fails to actuate, inspect the anti-pumping circuit, including relay, contacts, ug wiring integrity.
5.1 Data Recording ug Analysis
Compare test results sa technical specifications. Investigate root causes sa any out-of-tolerance data ug perform adjustments o repairs as needed.
5.2 Restore Equipment
Pasabot sa testing, return the breaker sa iyang original state. Remove test leads ug sensors. Confirm no abnormalities bago ibalik sa service.
Prohibit unauthorized operation sa breaker o test equipment sa panahon sa testing aron maprevent ang misoperation o mechanical injury.
Securely install sensors aron avoid affecting measurement accuracy.
Para sa breakers na may dual trip coils, separately test low-voltage tripping characteristics, trip time, ug speed para sa bawat coil.
Perform insulation withstand (hi-pot) tests bago ug pasabot sa characteristic tests aron verify dielectric integrity.