Falalan Baka da Kula da Kofin Karamin Sanka da Kofin Karamin Sankarauta

Kwafi Gaba da Juyin Daga Kisan Fasaha da Kisan Kirkiro na Tsakalwa
Kwafinta gaba da juyin kisan fasaha sun haɗa da: ba a iya kula, ba a iya juye, kula mai sauƙi, juye mai sauƙi, hanyar da suka shiga ko kula (kunne masu sauki ko kula babba), nasara ta aiki ko kisan kirkiro, fitaccen magana ko kisan tafiyar da ba a iya kula, da kuma kisan fasaha mai zama ba a iya yi aiki a kan sakamako.

Aiki Da Kisan Fasaha Da Juyin Kula/Kula Mai Sauƙi A Tashin Aiki

Idan kisan fasaha ya faru juyin kula/kula mai sauƙi a tashin aiki, ya kamata a ci gaba daga aiki. Zan iya yi ayyuka da zaɓu a cikin yadda ake samu:

• A cikin birnin da ke da kisan fasaha mai zama ko kisan fasaha mai zama da ke da karfi, zan iya amfani da hanyar zuwa mai zama don kula kisan fasaha daga takarda.

• Idan ba zan iya amfani da hanyar zuwa mai zama, zan iya amfani da kisan fasaha mai zama a matsayin mafi girma da kisan fasasha mai cuta; sannan, za a kula kisan fasaha na tsakiyar adadin aiki (bayan samun adadin aiki).

• Don sabon birni da ke da hanyar II, za a kula diskojiyar gwamnati na labari don kawo hanyar II zuwa hanyar T, don haka za a kula kisan fasaha mai cuta daga aiki.

• Idan kisan fasaha mai zama ne kuma ya faru juyin kula/kula mai sauƙi, za a kula diskojiyoyi biyu na wani abu (ya ni "dual-span"), sannan za a kula diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha mai zama.

• A cikin birnin da ke da adadin kayan aiki biyu kuma bai da kisan fasaha mai zama, idan kisan fasaha ya faru kisan kirkiro, zan iya kawo birnin zuwa hali na birnin tsakiya bayan samun aiki na kisan fasaha mai cuta.

• Don kisan fasaha mai cuta a cikin hanyar 3/2 busbar da ke yi aiki a cikin wurin, zan iya kula shi da amfani da diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha.

Farkon Aiki Da Kisan Fasaha Mai Cuta

Idan wata fase na kisan fasaha ba a iya kula, wannan zai kasance matsayin kula fase biyu; idan fase biyu ba su iya kula, wannan zai kasance matsayin kula fase ta haka. Wannan zai haɗa da zero-sequence da negative-sequence voltages da currents, zai iya haɗa da farkon da za a bayar:

• Displacement na neutral-point da ke kasance saboda zero-sequence voltage zai haɗa da voltages da suka shiga fase biyu, da wasu fase suka samu rarrabe, zai iya sake nuna yanayi a kan insulation breakdown.

• Zero-sequence current zai haɗa da electromagnetic interference a cikin system, zai iya nuna yanayi a kan communication lines.

• Zero-sequence current zai iya sake nuna zero-sequence protection relays.

• Yawan impedance da ke faru a kan biyu waɗanda suke haɗa da asynchronism.

Hanyoyin Aiki Da Kisan Fasaha Mai Cuta

• Idan kisan fasaha ya kula fase ta haka, wanda ya kasance aiki da fase biyu, kuma auto-reclosing function (da ake faru saboda phase-loss protection) ba a iya yi aiki, za a ci gaba masu aiki don kula shi kadan. Idan ba a yi aiki, za a kula fase biyu na baya.

• Idan fase biyu su ka kula, za a zabi hanyar da za a iya amfani don kula kisan fasaha daidai.

• Don kisan fasaha mai zama da ke yi aiki da fase mai cuta, za a rage rayuwarsa, kuma za a kula closed-loop busbars zuwa single-bus operation, ko kuma za a kula wata busbar idan system an kula.

• Idan kisan fasaha mai cuta ke samun generator, za a rage active da reactive power output na generator zuwa zero, sannan za a amfani hanyoyin da aka bayar a fagen.

Hanyoyin Kula Kisan Fasaha Mai Cuta

A cikin system 220 kV, za a kula kisan fasaha mai cuta da kisan fasaha mai zama. Bayan za a kula DC control power na kisan fasaha mai zama, za a kula diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha mai cuta don kula shi.

Idan abu da ke sama kisan fasaha mai cuta zai iya kula, da kuma birnin ke da double busbars, za a kula kisan fasaha na tsakiyar adadin aiki. Sannan, za a kula diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha mai cuta, kuma za a kula kisan fasaha mai zama don kula no-load current, don haka za a kula line da kisan fasaha mai cuta, sannan za a kula diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha mai cuta.

Hanyoyin Aiki Idan Kisan Fasaha Ba Zan Iya Yi Aiki Kuma Line Ba Zan Iya Kula

A cikin hanyar 500 kV 3/2 circuit breaker, idan kisan fasaha ya faru juyin kula/kula mai sauƙi kuma line zai iya aiki, za a kula kisan fasaha mai cuta da kula diskojiyoyi biyu na kisan fasaha. Zan iya yi ayyuka da zaɓu:

• Idan hukuma da suka shafi, kofar DC control power na duka circuit breakers a lokacin da za a yi wani disconnector don kawo zama; koyi DC control power yana daidai ba da ya gaba.

• Idan hukuma uku da suka shafi, kofar DC control power na duka circuit breakers a hukuma mai da circuit breaker mai asali a lokacin da za a yi wani disconnector; koyi DC control power na duka circuit breakers maimakon hukuma yana daidai ba da ya gaba.

Tattara Abin Da Zaka Sake A Disconnector Daga Tsakanin

• Idan za a samu karfi ga disconnector, koyi load yana daidai ba da ya gaba.

• Idan karfi mai yawa ta samu, koyi load har zuwa bus transfer ko bypass bus transfer methods don koyi disconnector daga tsakanin.

• Idan koyi disconnector mai karfi yana iya haifar da cuta mai yawa da losses, yi maintenance a cikin live-line don koyi components. Idan karfi yana daidai, koyi disconnector daidai ba da jumper wire.

Sabbin Abin Da Zaka Samu Karfi Ga High-Voltage Disconnectors

Tsarin main conductive path na high-voltage disconnectors a kungiyar power sun hada da main contact blades (moving and stationary contacts), conductive rods (ko plates), transition contacts bayan conductive rods da terminal connectors, da terminal connectors for leads. Saboda haka, karfi tana daidai a main contact blades, transition contacts, da terminal connectors.
Sabbin abubuwan da ke samu karfi sun hada da: amfani mai laifi a matsayin moving and stationary contacts, kudaden pressure, mechanical deformation ko wear, electrical erosion, da contamination kamar dirt, chemical deposits, ko oxidation layers a matsayin contact surfaces, kowane tana iya sa cutar resistance.

Kofin conductive rods (plates) da terminal connectors ana amfani da transition contact structures—kamar rolling contacts, surface-rotating friction contacts, ko structures similar to main contacts—da karfi tana daidai a wannan wurare a lokacin da za a yi wani disconnector. Kuma fixed contact points na disconnectors suna iya samu karfi.

Hukumomin Da Za Su Iya Amfani Don Tattauna Karfin High-Voltage Disconnectors

• Zaɓe monitoring: Substation operators zai iya nemi disconnectors har shekaru, zuba hukuma a kan heating a kan conductive path. Nemo based on load current da component conditions. Amfani temperature-indicating wax strips a key conductive parts da nemo idan an sake. Idan mumkinshin, amfani infrared thermometers don nemo temperature a cikin live-line. Yi special inspections a lokacin da zaka iya canza weather changes.

• Amfani disconnectors daidai: Yi slowly and carefully a farkon, nemo transmission system da conductive rod movement. Idan kaɗanta a kan closing, koyi decisively and quickly; idan kaɗanta a kan opening, koyi rapidly don koyi arcing time da reduce contact erosion.

• Zaɓe maintenance quality: Yi annual maintenance, zuba hukuma a kan conductive path contact points. Disassemble, clean, da nemo moving and stationary contacts—they should be intact. Replace contacts with severe burning, excessive mechanical wear, ko significant deformation. Nemo all conductive parts for overheating signs da replace contacts that have annealed, deformed, ko lost elasticity due to overheating. Inspect and adjust contact springs; replace springs that are severely corroded or have lost elasticity.