Relay na Maimaita Motor din Masu Karamin Barazanar Induction

Daga cikin 90% daga cikin motori da ake amfani da su a kasuwanci suna da motori induction, saboda hakan da suka da damar da kuma da yawa don gudanar. Don motori mai karfi (>>250HP) ake fi sani masu tsari mai yawa, saboda zan iya rage shirya da karamin da kuma tsari na motori.

Yadda Muna Da Yawan Hukuma na Motori?

Don in fahimta wannan muna bukata da yawan hukuma na motori, ya kamata a duba abincin da ke da ita, kamar:

• Rage da abinci (Abinci da ke da ita)

• Kawo da motori (Abinci da ke da ita)

• Abinci da ke da ita don gyara

• Abinci da ke da ita don wakar mutum saboda wannan

Tsarin yawan hukuma na relay ta shaida da takaice da ci gaba da kuma rage da gabas da system. Wannan zan iya rage shirya da tsari na system ta shaida.
Don yawan hukuma na motori, muna bukata da takaice da adadin abubuwa da ke da ita don takaice da ci gaba. Abubuwan da ke da ita sun hada da:

• Gwamnati na wiring

• Single phasing

• Fault na Earth

• Short circuit

• Locked rotor

• Number of hot starts

• Bearing failure

Bayanai mai sauƙi game da abubuwan da ke da ita ana bayyana a cikin:

• Gwamnati na Wiring –
  Idan motori ya yi waɗanda da shi a lokacin da yake da yawan kammal, wannan zan iya rage shirya da wiring da insulation. Saboda haka insulation na wiring zan iya rage shirya da kuma motori zan iya rage shirya. Idan tsari ita da ita da kammal da ake magana maka, akwai yawan rage shirya da wiring da kuma rage shirya da motori.

• Single Phasing –
  Rage da baya daga cikin bayoyi da ake bayar da motori (a cikin 3-phase motor) ya ba single phasing. Idan ake fara da motori da wakilai, motori zan iya rage shirya saboda yawan imbalansi.

• Fault na Earth –
  Idan baya daga cikin wiring ya samu shiga da ground, ake ce motori ya shiga da ground. Idan ake fara da motori, zan iya rage shirya da motori.

• Short Circuit –
  Idan akwai shiga da bayoyin duhu da bayoyi ko bayoyin baya, wannan zan iya rage shirya da short circuit.

• Locked Rotor –
  Idan equipment da ake amfani da shi a cikin motori ya rage shirya ko motori shaft ya rage shirya, wannan an kece locked rotor. Idan ake fara da motori, zan iya rage shirya.

• Number of Hot Start –
  Daga cikin motori an yanke da yawan hot start. Idan motori ya yi waɗanda, idan ake rage shi da kuma fara da shi kadan, wannan an kece hot start. Daga cikin thermal curve na motori muna bukata da wani lokaci don rage shirya da temperature na wiring.

• Bearing Failure –
  Idan bearing ya rage shirya, ya samu rubbin da rotor ya shiga da stator, wanda ya rage shirya da insulation da wiring. Bearing failure zan iya rage shirya ta hanyar tattaunawa da temperature na bearing. Bearing temperature detector (BTD) an amfani da shi don tattaunawa da tripping na motori a lokacin da abubuwan da ba a tabbas ba.

Daga cikin yawan hukuma na motori an yi waɗanda da karamin da motori ya yi. Yawan hukuma na motori an amfani da shi a cikin tsari mai yawa da abubuwan da ke da ita:

• Thermal overload protection

• Short circuit protection

• Single phasing protection

• Earth fault protection

• Locked rotor protection

• Number of start protection

Don setting na relay muna bukata da CT ratio da karamin da motori ya yi. Setting na abubuwan da ke da ita ana bayyana a cikin:

• Thermal over Load Element –
  Don setting na element muna bukata da % da Full load current da motori ya yi waɗanda.
  

• Short circuit Element –
  Range da ke da ita a cikin wannan element shine 1 zuwa 5 times na starting current. Time delay da ke da ita. A tun set it at 2 times na starting current tare da time delay na 0.1 second.

• Single Phasing Element –
  Wannan element zan iya yi waɗanda, idan akwai unbalance a karamin da bayoyi. Ana kece shi unbalance protection. Element an set for 1/3rd na starting current. Idan it tripped during starting, parameter will changed to 1/2 na starting current.

• Earth Fault Protection –
  Wannan element an measure neutral current na star connected CT secondary. Range da ke da ita a cikin wannan element shine 0.02 zuwa 2 times na CT primary current. Time delay da ke da ita. A tun set at 0.1 times na CT primary current tare da time delay na 0.2 seconds. Idan it tripped during starting of motor, then the time setting can be raised to 0.5 sec.

• Locked rotor protection –
  Range da ke da ita a cikin wannan element shine 1 zuwa 5 times na full load current. Time delay da ke da ita. A tun set at 2 times na FLC (Full Load Current). Time delay will be more than the starting time of the motor. “Starting time means the time require by the motor to reach its full speed.”

• Number of hot start protection –
  A nan muna bukata da number of start allowed in specified time duration. By this we will limit the number of hot starts given to the motor.

Diagram na schematic don connect a yawan hukuma na motori shine:

Yawan hukuma na digital motori na zamani suna da wasu abubuwan da ke da ita, kamar: yawan hukuma na no load running da motori da thermal protection.
Idan motori ya yi waɗanda, relay an sense motori current. Idan ita da ita da kammal, yana trip motori. A nan muna bukata da temperature probe ta hanyar relay, wanda zan iya tattaunawa da bearing da winding temperature da kuma trip motori idan ita da ita da kammal.

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