Maimaito na Gwamnati na IEE-Business

Kwakwalwa na Maza ta Kirkiya

A cikin hakan ya kamata a fahimtar kwakwalwa na maza ta kirkiya, yana da kyau a rike cewa kowane wurare da take shafi masu maganin ko daidai ita ce za su iya tabbatar da karamin ruwa mai girma daga takardun AC don bincike tsarin ma'aiki da ke bukata. Wannan karamin ruwa mai girman ya zama da lokacin da take taka da gaba da mutane da 90o ga takardun abokin. A cikin kalmar, muhimmanci na wannan karamin ruwa mai girman ko lagging VA da wurare da take shafi masu maganin ko daidai ita ce don koyar da ma'anin a cikin tsarin maganin da ke bukata. Kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi ne wurin da take shafi masu maganin ko daidai, wanda ke kan koyar da ma'anin a cikin tsarin maganin da ke bukata. Ya samu takardun AC na uku a cikin tsarin armature da kuma takardun DC a cikin tsarin rotor.

Kwakwalwa na maza ta kirkiya ce wace ake bayar da takardun DC a cikin rotor don koyar da ma'anin da ke bukata.

Muhimmiyar alamar kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi ne cewa suke iya yi aiki a cikin babban karamin ruwa - leading, lagging, ko unity - daya daga kwakwalwa. Idan an sa takardun da ya faru (V), akwai bukatar ma'ana a cikin air gap da ya fi sani. Wannan ma'ana na iya shiga daga takardun AC a cikin tsarin armature da kuma takardun DC a cikin tsarin rotor.

HALAYA 1: Idan karamin ruwan field ya fi sani da koyar da ma'ana a cikin air gap, kamar da takardun da ya faru V ta ba da shawarar, inda karamin ruwan magnetizing ko lagging reactive VA da ke bukata daga takardun AC ya zama zero, kuma kirkiya ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa unity. Karamin ruwan field, wanda ke haɗa wannan karamin ruwa unity suna ake kira normal excitation ko normal field current.

HALAYA 2: Idan karamin ruwan field ba ya fi sani da koyar da ma'ana a cikin air gap, karamin ruwan magnetizing additonal ya shiga daga takardun AC. Wannan karamin ruwan additonal ya koyar da ma'anan da ya fi sani. A cikin halayar, kirkiya ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa lagging power factor da ake kira under-excited.

HALAYA 3: Idan karamin ruwan field ya fi karfi da level na normal, kirkiya ya fi karfi da excitation. Wannan karfin karamin ruwan field ya koyar da ma'ana additonal, wanda ya buƙata a cikin tsarin armature.

Saboda haka, tsarin armature ya shiga leading reactive VA ko demagnetizing current leading voltage da mutane da 90o daga takardun AC. Saboda haka, a cikin halayar, kirkiya ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa leading power factor.

Wannan duk fahimta na kwakwalwa da karamin ruwa na kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi ne za a iya gudanar da graph. Wannan suna ake kira V curve na kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi.

Gajarta: Kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi da ya fi karfi da excitation ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa leading power factor, kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi da ya fi karfi da under-excitation ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa lagging power factor, da kuma kirkiyarsa na maza ta musamman shi da ya fi sani da normal excitation ya yi aiki a cikin karamin ruwa unity power factor.