Mai shi ne Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)?

Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

Maimaita tsakiyar tsayi a kan tushen daɗi. An yi amfani da shi don haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi. Yawan adadin karamin tushen daɗi shine mafi yawan sakamakon tsayin baƙin daɗi. Tushen daɗi ta ƙungiyar tsayin baƙin daɗi.

Amfani da abubuwa masu gudanar tsayin baƙin daɗi a wurare, kamar

• Transformers,

• Generators,

• Feeders, etc.,

 za a taimaka wajen haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi.

Maimaita tsayin baƙin daɗi ya zama a wurare a kan ƙungiyar tsayin baƙin daɗi don haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi.

A kan ƙungiyar tsayin baƙin daɗi na DC, idan feeders su duka sama, za a iya haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi da amfani da generators masu gudanar. Amma, idan feeders su duka sun hada, ana amfani da feeder booster don haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi a cikin har zuwa feeders. Tsayin baƙin daɗi na AC za a iya haɗa da amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar

• Booster transformers,

• Induction regulators,

• Shunt condensers, etc.

Construction of Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)

1). Autotransformer

Wurare daga wurare mai ɗaya na autotransformer ya zama da primary da secondary. A kan transformer na biyu wurare, wurare primary & secondary sun fi sani a kan lafiya, amma ba a cikin yanayi na autotransformer. Idan tsayin baƙin daɗi ya zama, AVR ya samun wannan, ya haɗa shi da tsayin baƙin daɗi na takarda, kuma ya bayyana signal na abu. Wannan signal na abu an yi amfani da shi don aika servo motor via PWM signal by the Arduino.

Saboda servo motor da autotransformer suka dole, idan servo ya samu output na Arduino, suke dole da shi saboda coupling. Idan tsayin baƙin daɗi ya rage, a cikin lokacin da servo motors suka samu abu, coupling suka zama tsayin baƙin daɗi, wanda yana nufin cewa 1-phase auto transformer a cikin yanayi ya yi aiki a matsayin BUCK BOOST system.

2). Servo motor

Servo motor ya fi dace da DC motor, kuma ya fi abubuwa masu gudanar da ke muhimmanci don rubuta DC motor zuwa servo. DC motor mai kusa & potentiometer, gear arrangement, da advanced electronics suna cikin abubuwan servo unit. Servo ya dole da main circuitry da potentiometer.

Akwai shaft na output a kan servo motor. Amfani da signal na coded don aika servo ya ba shi da kyau don haɗa shi zuwa wurare mai karanci. Servomotor zai iya haɗa sautin angular na shaft mara da signal na input line. Idan signal ya zama, sautin angular na shaft zai zama.

3). Step Down Transformer

Saboda unit na signal conditioning yana bukatar tsayin baƙin daɗi mai kusa, ana amfani da step-down transformer don haɗa 230 V zuwa 5 V. Transformer ya haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi don rectification.

4). Signal Conditioning Unit

Signal conditioning shine yanayin rubuta signal na analog don haka cewa yana ba da buƙata don level na processing na biyu. Analog-to-digital converters shine inda yana amfani da shi a kan signal conditioning stage. Operational amplifiers suna amfani da shi don gudanar signal na amplification.

5). Arduino Kit

Idan a dole shi, za a iya amfani da AC mains power source don aika Arduino boards daidai. Fanni na voltage regulator shine haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi da aka bayar zuwa Arduino board & haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi na DC da ake amfani a kan processing unit & abubuwan da dama.

Working Principle of Automatic Voltage Regulator

Yana yi aiki da yanayin samun abu. Tsayin baƙin daɗi na output na AC power source an samu waɗanda ake amfani da potential transformer, rectified, then filtered, and then it is measured against a standard. Error voltage an nufin variance between the actual and reference voltages. Amplifier then supplies the main exciter (or) pilot exciter with the amplified error voltage.

Sannan, signals na error gudanar suka haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi da kwamitin buck or boost action used to stimulate the main or pilot exciter. Primary alternator terminal voltage an haɗa shi da exciter output control.

Application of Automatic Voltage Regulator

• An haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi na ƙungiya, kuma ya haɗa aiki na machines zuwa aiki na ƙarfin cinna.

• An haɗa reactive load a kan alternators masu ƙarin aiki.

• Tsunance na load a kan ƙungiya zai iya haɗa over voltages, wadannan automatic voltage regulators suka haɗa.

• An haɗa excitation na ƙungiya a lokacin fault conditions, domin a lura maximum synchronizing power a lokacin da fault ya zama.

How can an AVR- Automatic Voltage Regulator be selected?

Abubuwan da ake ma cutar da automated voltage regulator na high quality suna cikin:

1). Haɗa tsayin baƙin daɗi

2). Input Voltage Range

3). Impedance mai kusa

4). Load Compatibility

5). Voltage Accuracy

Sada