Ga wasu abubuwa na dakin kudin kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar zuwa? Duk da haka, wannan bayanin ya kunshi: - Duk da haka, aikace-aikacen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar - Tushen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar da ke taimakawa wajen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar - Ingantaccen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar don samun inganci da kula da darasi - Bayyana cewa kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar yana da muhimmanci ga tushen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar da ke taimakawa wajen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar - Kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar da ke taimakawa wajen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar da ke taimakawa wajen kudin karkashin sararin kungiyar

A cikin mutanen masana, ina yi aiki a yau da zuwa EV charging piles kowace rana. Daga musamman kan gida ta hanyar yanayi a duniya da kuma tattalin arziki na China, an samu zama ne a fadada green mobility kamar e - bikes da electric cars, amma masu shirya shiga batere suka zama abubuwan da ake duba. Masu shirya shiga batere na "Bypass Wire" wanda ke da hada tsaro ya haɗa a yi buƙata a yi aiki don professional piles. Ba a yi aiki a gasar CNPC First Construction residential charging pile renovation, ina ba da shawarwari game da aikinsa.

I. Gargajiya na Tashar Aiki
(1) Electric Vehicles: Tsarin Kirkiro

Yanzu, EVs, daga e - bikes/tricycles zuwa electric cars, sune da AC charging piles. Saboda ilimi na batere - mai inganci (mai inganci na energy density, lithium - ion/solid - state batteries, fast - charging), da kuma smart driving da vehicle - to - network tech (wanda ke ajiyawa auto - drive, cruise control, remote monitoring, etc.) suna yi karfin EVs.

(2) Charging Piles: Kasuwanci na Yawan Mafi Mu'amala

An kafa charging pile market na China a cikin AC/DC (AC ita ce mafi yawa), tun daga baya har zuwa 10.804 million units a watan Yuli 2024. Su ne a cikin kungiyoyi (don large lots, transit) ko a cikin kasa (don small lots, communities). Ina yi aiki a cikin low - power decentralized AC piles, wadanda suke magance power zuwa on - board chargers (da ake canza zuwa DC).

II. Tashar Aikin Charging Pile: Daga Standards zuwa Custom Builds
(1) General Requirements: Kyakkyawan, Funtuka, Installation

Tashar aiki yana da kyakkyawan power, fire, flood infrastructure. Kafin ake fito piles, ake iya samun power, bayan kuɗi, a wurare na dust, non - corrosive areas (ko downwind idan ake bukata). Ake sauya vibrations, ake tabbatar da traffic access, da kuma ake fara a matsayin ≥40cm safe distance dari structures don maintenance.

Funtukan, interfaces suna da unified standards don universal compatibility. Multiple power options, efficient conversion, anti - interference, remote monitoring, fault diagnosis (with alarms/info upload), and diverse payments (WeChat/Alipay/cards) sune buƙata.

Installation: Floor - mounted piles sun buƙata foundation da 0.2m - high (≥0.05m larger than the pile) don shed - less areas. Wall - mounted piles suna haɗa zuwa walls, operable height, usable with/without sheds.

(2) E - Bike Piles: Gasar CNPC First Construction

Kafin gasar, "flying lead" charging ke da hada tsaro. Ina yi aikin piles for e - bikes, add them at unit entrances (shed - less communities like Zhongyou Garden) ko a cikin sheds (e.g., Zhongyou Huayuan).

• Power Distribution: Circuits serve 6–8 piles, using WDZ - BYJ (F) - 0.8/1KV - 3×6 mm² wires (protected by steel pipes to distribution boxes, connected to upper - level standby circuits). TN - S grounding: floor - mounted piles connect to the main grid, wall - mounted piles (and sheds) ground via 40×4 galvanized flat steel. Each pile supports ≤1200W e - bikes, with single - phase sockets in sheds. Cables (0.6/1kV copper - core) and wires (halogen - free, flame - retardant) use PVC troughs/pipes indoors, direct burial outdoors (with galvanized steel pipes for building entry, sealed to prevent water). Floor - mounted piles go in unit - entrance open spaces; wall - mounted ones on unit walls (0.7–1.1m height, uniform per community, 1.2–1.5m spacing).

• Selection: Each socket has a 220V/10A/50Hz, 2.0% - accuracy static energy meter (storing 2 settlement periods’ data, protected from loss/tampering). Piles record charge start/end, power before/after (reset to zero post - charge), with card/QR code payments and IP54+ protection (load/short - circuit/leakage protection).

(3) Electric Car Piles: Parking Lot Renovation

Decentralized AC piles are added (1 per car space) for easy management, positioned for convenience.

• Power Distribution: 6.8kW/220V piles use circuit breakers (short - circuit/residual current protection, no shared breakers). High - quality cables/wires ensure voltage compliance. A complete grounding system (with equipotential wiring) ensures safety.

• Interface: Standard - compliant, dust/water - resistant, universal for all EVs.

• Control Circuit: Precise current/voltage control (damage - free, smart mode - switching, over - charge/short - circuit protection).

• Metering/Billing: Accurate metering, flexible billing (adapting to needs/time), with data management for users/operators.

III. Load Calculation: Critical for Planning

For decentralized AC piles, determine pile specs, calculate via formulas (1)/(2), and use Table 1’s demand coefficients. This ensures a rational power distribution design.

In formulas (1) and (2), S_js represents the calculated capacity of the charging equipment (in kVA); P₁, P₂, and P₃ represent the total rated power of various types of charging equipment. Generally, the load grouping and classification are carried out according to single - phase AC charging piles, three - phase AC charging piles, off - board chargers, etc. (in kW); P₁, P₂, and P₃ represent the working efficiency of various types of charging equipment, generally taken as 0.95; cosφ₁, cosφ₂, and cosφ₂ are the power factors of various types of charging equipment, generally greater than 0.9; Kt is the coincidence factor, generally taken as 0.8 - 0.9; K is the demand factor, as shown in Table 1.

Conclusion

As public environmental awareness rises and EV technology advances, EVs, with longer ranges, lower costs, and better cost - effectiveness, will enter millions of households. Charging piles, crucial EV infrastructure, are increasingly adopted. With government - enterprise collaboration, massive charging pile construction in public/private parking lots, garages, communities, and stations is inevitable. Thus, standardized design, use, and scientific management of charging piles are vital. This paper, using real projects, summarizes the electrical design of non - motorized and motorized vehicle charging piles, offering references for similar future projects.