Me kana da yin aiki da na vacuum circuit breakers na gida? 【注意事项】 - Karkashin aiki da na vacuum circuit breakers na gida ita ce muke so ku fada. - Haka haka ya kamata a yi aiki da na vacuum circuit breakers na gida don in ba da damar tushen abubuwa.

I. Inganci Masu Kwaikwayo

Maimakon masu kwalba na tsirrai suna da kyau a cikin yadda ake kwalba, amma za a iya faruwa masu kwaikwayo a kan inductors a lokacin da ake kwalba masu kwalba na ingantaccen tashar zai iya faruwa a kan loop current, wanda ya sake sa shawarwari. Idan an kwalba maimakoni na haske masu kadan, ake kusa mafarin dace, kuma ya kamata a yi misalai kamar step-down starting don in kudana mafarin.

Transformers na siffar tattalin zamani suna da mutane mai zurfi: transformers da shiga mai sauƙi suna da kyau a cikin yadda ake bincike da kwaikwayon impulse voltage da kuma stray capacitance mai yawa, ba a bukatar ilimi daidai ba; transformers da shiga mai yawa da kwaikwayon impulse voltage mai yawa ya kamata a yi ilimi da zinc oxide arresters, ko kuma ta amfani da distributed capacitance da kable da kuma fitar da capacitors.

Don protection masu kwalba na vacuum circuit breakers da lines masu yawan da stray capacitance mai yawa, tare da abubuwa masu yawan da shiga, ba zai faruwa masu kwaikwayo mai yawa ba, saboda haka ba a bukatar ilimi daidai a lokacin da ake amfani da shi.

Bayanan labarin capacitor banks sun nuna cewa masu kwaikwayo da ake faruwa da vacuum circuit breakers a lokacin da ake kwalba ba zai taka mafi girman biyu na rated value ba. A Najeriya, ana amfani da shunt capacitors zuwa 60kV, inda level masu insulation na abubuwan da ake amfani da su suna da kyau don in kudana masu kwaikwayo na kwalba na gaba. Amma, circuit breakers na darasi masu yawa suna iya faruwa masu kwaikwayo mai yawa saboda contact vibration mai yawa a lokacin da ake kwalba, kamar yadda aka nuna bayanai a fadin da kuma na musamman, wanda ya sake sa shawarwari.

II. Control of Closing and Opening Speeds

Yawan closing speed mai yawa zai taka zaman mafi girma pre-breakdown, zai karshe contact wear. Interrupters na vacuum circuit breaker, da ake amfani da copper brazing da high-temperature degassing, suna da mechanical strength da kuma resistance to vibration mai kadan. Yawan closing speed mai yawa zai bude severe vibration da bellows impact, zai kudeta bellows service life. Gaskiya, ya kamata a kontrola closing speed a 0.6m/s–2m/s, tare da optimal value wanda ya kamata precise adjustment.

A lokacin da interruption, durbin arc zai taka mafi girman (babu da 15 power frequency half-waves), kuma interrupter ya kamata a da insulation strength mai kyau a first current zero-crossing. Ana tabbatar da ce contact stroke ya samu 50%–80% na full stroke a kan power frequency half-wave, wanda ya kamata strict control of the opening speed. Duk da haka, opening da closing buffers suna da kyau don in kudana impact forces da kuma protection interrupter lifespan.

III. Contact Stroke Control

Vacuum circuit breakers suna da contact strokes mai kadan (gaskiya 8mm–12mm don 10kV–15kV rated voltage, tare da over-travel kawai 2mm–3mm). Ba a yi sakamako a yi stroke mai yawa saboda a yi asumse cewa gap mai yawa zai taimaka wa arc extinction. Stroke mai yawa zai bude stress mai yawa a kan bellows a lokacin da ake kwalla, zai kudeta damage da kuma vacuum seal, wanda zai iya haifar da failure.

IV. Load Current Limitation

Vacuum circuit breakers suna da overload capacity mai yawa. Vacuum a kan contact da housing yana form thermal insulation, saboda haka heat a kan contacts da conductive rods yana kasa domin a kan conduction. Don in kudana operating temperature a kan allowable range, working current ya kamata a kontrola a kan rated value don in kudana overheating da kuma reliability.

V. Stringent Handover and Acceptance

Idan vacuum circuit breakers suna da rigorous factory acceptance, transportation da installation zai iya rubuta parameters ko kuma cause mechanism mismatches. Bayan on-site installation, key parameters ya kamata a retest, tare da closing bounce, opening distance, compression stroke, closing/opening speeds and times, contact resistance, break insulation level, da kuma transmission acceptance tests, don in kudana cewa duka indicators suna da technical requirements.

VI. Maintenance Cycle Implementation

Vacuum circuit breakers ba su maintenance-free ba; cycle ya kamata a adjust flexibly based on regulations and actual operation:

• A lokacin da seasonal (annual) preventive tests, amfani da power frequency withstand voltage don in bincika vacuum degree na interrupter breaks da kuma ensure arc extinction performance.

• Ba a kan 2,000 normal operations (load current switching) ko 10 rated short-circuit current interruptions, check all screws da kuma verify parameters against maintenance specifications; continue use idan qualified.

• Ba a kan 20 years of out-of-service storage ko transportation, retest vacuum degree according to interrupter inspection standards da kuma replace device idan unqualified.

VII. Vacuum Interrupter Maintenance

Interrupter na vacuum, core component, amfani da glass ko ceramic don support and sealing, tare da moving/stationary contacts da shield inside, maintaining vacuum degree na 1.33×10⁻⁵Pa don ensure arc extinction and insulation. Decrease a kan vacuum degree zai kudeta interrupting performance, saboda haka ba a yi external collision, knocking, or impact a lokacin da handling and maintenance. Prohibit placing objects on circuit breaker don in kudana interrupter damage from falls.

Ba a kan parallelism inspection and assembly at the factory, evenly tighten interrupter bolts during maintenance don in ensure uniform force and optimal operation.

Content na ɗaya, summarized from practical maintenance experience, aims to provide technical references for the safe and reliable operation of indoor vacuum circuit breakers, contributing to improved substation equipment management.