Dausu Ka Iya Zama 10kV VCB Ta Farko Da Karamin Yadda Ake Sani?

Amsa da kudin kula da ake iya yi a kan kula da zafi na 10kV vacuum circuit breaker yana cikin ayyuka mai gaba-gaban kula. A tunanen shekaru, wannan irin kudin yana nuna a hanyar tsawon tarihi, kuma yana shafi fanninsu da dama, har da ake iya samun abubuwan da ke sa a kan alamomin da suka faru.

Kadansu na iya yi a kan mekanismi mai kula yana cewa shine mafi kyau. Kulan kula yana ba da ake iya karbar da energy mai kula da ake amfani a kan spring energy storage; idan akwai rust, kiyaye, ko abubuwa masu kuli a cikin mekanismi, za a haɗa a bar energy. Wanda ake buƙata a kan kudin a kan kula a kan makaranta mai kimiyya na shekarar zuwa, an sami wani oxide layer ta shahara a kan trip half-shaft saboda ruwa, wanda ya fi yawan mutane a ciki zuwa 40%. Irin mafi so ina ce koyarwa na dashpot oil. An sami misal a kan substation wanda hydraulic oil ya kusa a kan yawan dogon, kuma ya kafa kulan kula zuwa 60% na standard value—wannan yanayi ake iya kasance a kan kudin electrical fault. Yadda ake amfani da lubricant grease na IEC 60255 standards da kuma ake kawo dashpot oil duk biyu shekara zai iya taimaka waɗanda ake iya doke wannan kudin.

Kiyaye ko kasa a kan components mai kula yana nuna muhimmanci a kan binciken. Insulating rod, wanda yana daya daga cikin manyan components mai kula, ya ba da ake iya karɓar da energy mai kula hatta a kan kiyaye mai ƙarin. Wanda ake buƙata a kan wind farm na 2021, an sami cewa foundation settlement ya ba da ake iya karɓar da ƙananan 2.3mm a kan three-phase rods, kuma ya kafa mechanical load zuwa 25%. Fatigue fracture na metal linkages yana faruwa da ƙarin. Records daga steel plant sun nuna cewa bayan 3,000 operations, yield strength na linkage ya kasa zuwa 15%. Ana raci ake yi magnetic particle testing (Magnetic Particle Testing) a kan equipment wanda ta yi aiki da ƙarin da biyar shekara.

Abin da suka faru a kan arc extinguishing chamber yana tabbatar da aikin contact movement. Idan vacuum ya koma zuwa 10⁻² Pa, yawan pressure differential across the bellows ya kafa resistance zuwa contact motion. Fault report daga power supply station an nuna cewa leaking arc extinguishing chamber ya kafa force required zuwa 30N. Irin mafi so ina ce contact welding. Idan short-circuit current ya kasa 20kA, microscopic welding ya faru ba a kan contact surfaces of the fixed and moving contacts. Wanda ake buƙata a kan data center na shekarar zuwa, short-circuit current na 22.3kA ya ba da ake iya karɓar da alloy layer zuwa contact surfaces, wanda ya buƙace ake amfani da special tools don separation.

Kudin a kan secondary components ana iya juye. Inter-turn short circuits a kan trip coil ya kafa electromagnetic pull force; a cikin misalai, a matsayin resistance deviation na 10% ya iya ba da ake iya karɓar da failure to operate. A tunnel power supply project, oxidation of coil terminals ya kafa contact resistance zuwa 5Ω, wanda ya kafa coil terminal voltage zuwa 65% na rated value. Misalignment a kan auxiliary switches yana nuna mafi so. Idan switching angle ya kasa design value zuwa 3°, ya iya ba da ake iya karɓar da premature cut-off a kan control circuit. Ana raci ake amfani da oscilloscope don monitor current waveform a kan trip circuit, saboda abnormal pulse width yana faruwa da ƙarin da mechanical failure.

Issues a kan installation foundation yana taimakawa da effects cumulative. Idan breaker body ya kasa 2°, operating rod ya ladan lateral force. A hydropower station, concrete base cracking ya ba da ake iya karɓar da 3.5° tilt, wanda ya kafa pin wear zuwa 4 times greater than under standard conditions within two years. Environmental factors ba za a juye. A coastal substation, salt fog deposition ya ba da ake iya karɓar da spring stiffness coefficient zuwa 7% annually.

Handling such faults must follow the principle of dynamic testing. In addition to conventional mechanical characteristic testers measuring tripping time and speed, a low-voltage operation test is recommended: reduce the operating voltage to 30% of the rated value for tripping; if the operation cannot be completed, the mechanism resistance has severely exceeded limits. For frequently operated breakers (over 200 operations per year), the maintenance cycle should be shortened to 18 months. Practical experience shows that approximately 70% of faults can be avoided through early cleaning and lubrication of the mechanism, while the remaining 30% require lifespan prediction of components based on condition monitoring data. Of course, some compound faults still require disassembly analysis for accurate diagnosis—this is precisely the challenge of maintenance work.