چەمچەیە چییە؟

Synchro niçin ye?

Pîştgirî

Synchro, bir şafanın sfera pozîsyonê ji ber vegerînê elektrîkê hatine. Weke pêşvebûna çewtışên rastîn û sensori sfera posîsyonê werke. Çewtışên serbestîn de dikarin bi sedeya şafayê were. Du komponentên esasî ya synchro transmetor û control transformer ne.

Tîpa Rêbazên Synchro

Du tîpa rêbazên synchro hene:

Control Type Synchro

• Torque Transmission Type Synchro

• Torque Transmission Type Synchros

Ev cûrê synchro torqê çêdike dike. Buna, piştgirî ye ji bo bixebitina barên yekmalî yên xweş, wek pointer. Berbi, control type synchro ji bo bixebitina barên mezin tarîz kiribû.

Rêbazên Control Type Synchros

Control synchros ji bo pîştgirîya çewtışên rastîn ên rêbazên kontrolê posîsyonê bikar an. Rêbazên wan ji du parçeyên deriyê:

• Synchro Transmitter

• Synchro Receiver

Synchro her dem îda bi du parçeyan da werekar dike. Ji navbera li vir daxwazek detalî yên transmitter û receiver ya synchro.

Transmitteran Synchro

Cûrî wê yê alternatordan sê faza jî heye. Stator synchroya ji istilînê inasîne bi tenê ku çêtên ferhengê bibîne. Stator li vir dibîne bi sê faza bibîne. Eksenên stator windings 120º di navber û derbas de ne.

ji ber ku (Vr) root - mean - square (r.m.s.) nisbedar voltage rotor, û ωc carrier frequency. Coils stator windings di configuration star de girîn. Rotor synchro shape dumbbell-like heye, bi coil concentric wound around it. Alternating current (AC) voltage applied to the rotor through slip rings. Constructional features of the synchro are depicted in the figure below.Consider the voltage is applied to the rotor of the transmitter as shown in the figure above. 

Ji ber ku voltage li rotor apply bike, magnetizing current induce bike, ku ji ber bi alternating flux along the rotor's axis generate bike. Ji ber mutual induction between the rotor and stator fluxes, voltage induced in the stator windings. Flux linkage in the stator winding proportional to the cosine of the angle between the axes of the rotor and the stator. As a result, voltage induced in the stator winding. Let V1, V2, and V3 be the voltages induced in the stator windings S1, S2, and S3 respectively. The figure below illustrates the rotor position of the synchro transmitter. Here, the rotor axis forms an angle θr with respect to the stator winding S2.

The three terminals of the stator windings are

The variation in the stator terminal axis concerning the rotor is shown in the figure below.

Ji ber ku rotor angle zero ye, maximum current induced in the stator winding S2. Zero-position of the rotor serves as a reference for determining the angular position of the rotor.

Output of the transmitter fed to the stator winding of the control transformer, as depicted in the figure above.

Currents of the same magnitude flow through the transmitter and the control transformer of the synchro system. Due to this circulating current, a flux established within the air-gap of the control transformer.

Flux axes of the control transformer and the transmitter are in the same alignment. Voltage induced in the rotor of the control transformer proportional to the cosine of the angle between the rotors of the transmitter and the control transformer. Mathematically, the voltage expressed as

Where φ represents the angular displacement between the rotor axes of the transmitter and the controller. When θ-90, the axes of the rotors of the transmitter and the control transformer perpendicular to each other. The figure above depicts the zero-position of the rotors of the transmitter and the receiver.

Suppose the rotors of the transmitter and the control transformer rotate in the same direction. Let the rotor of the transmitter deflected by an angle θR, and the deflection angle of the control transformer's rotor be θC. Then, the total angular separation between the two rotors is (90º – θR + θC)

Voltage at the rotor terminals of the synchro transformer given as

Small angular displacement between their rotor position given as Sin (θR – θC) = (θR – θC)

On substituting the value of angular displacement in equation (1) we get

Synchro transmitter and the control transformer together used for detecting the error. Voltage equation shown above equal to the shaft position of the rotors of control transformer and transmitter.

Error signal applied to the differential amplifier which gives input to the servo motor. Gear of the servo motor rotates the rotor of the control transformer

Figure above shows the output of the synchro error detector which is a modulated signal. Modulating wave above shown the misalignment between the rotor position and the carrier wave.