Dîrokê li ser guherandina qarancên dabeşdarên xebitandina mînên daimî di oda xebitandina 35kV de yên subastana 110kV a Luliang Oilfield

I. Pîçeyan Dargûşên Dimêrên Bêtik

Oda switch 35kV ya îdareya elektrikê 110kV ya Luliang, ku di salê 2002 de dest pê kir, her dem hatî şahî yên pir meheme yên tîmam yên parastînê min bûyî. Vakum circuit breakersên aslî ZN23-40.5/1600, ku bi mechanismên springer operasyon û dîtin, divê vebijarkên dikarin yên digirîn di dimêrên subzero de. Bi 200 component û linkage mekanîkî 12-stage, mechanismên springer di ser çepê friction û seretinên seretinê werin. Di temperatûrên -40°C de, malberên lubricant werin freeze bikin, ku bearings jam bikin — ji bo yekîn cold snap, breaker inkomînî No. 3 nehatiye reset bikin ji bo 4 saet, ku mizahiye bi heaterên elektrik li ser switchgear bikin wêne bisekin da system blackout bike.

II. Transformasyona Circuit Breaker ên Permanent Magnet

Di salê 2010 de, wekî teknîkî lead, min partîciyayî di projeyê renovasyonê 35kV switchgear ên Xinjiang Oilfield Company de. Designa YWL-12 permanent magnet circuit breaker —"bistable permanent magnet mechanism + intelligent controller"—revolucion kirin rêzikêm:

(A) Teknolojî Breakthrough: Ji Mehanîkî ber Magnetic Control

• Prinsîpê Mechanism ên Permanent Magnet: Di simulasyonên lab de, mişkîna 220V DC pulse closing coil trigger bikin, ku electromagnetic û permanent magnetic fields superimpose bikin da 1,800N of driving force generate bikin, contact spring energy storage li 15ms complete bikin. Ji bo tripping, reverse electromagnetic field holding force drop bikin, opening spring contacts apart drive bikin bi 2.8m/s. Designa "electromagnetic trigger + permanent magnet retention" neediyan motorên energy storage û linkages complex ên mechanism ên springer hilafand.

• Emergency Design Feature: Manual tripping device impression ên lasting biyê — requiring just 12N·m of torque to operate, it matched electric tripping speeds even at -30°C, a reliability tested during field trials.

(B) On-Site Application Outcomes

• Cold Resistance Verification: Di testê -38°C de ya first renovated breaker ên winter 2011 de, 100 consecutive operations conduct bikin. Spring breaker seized at the 17th cycle due to frozen lubricant, while the permanent magnet breaker maintained ±2ms action time deviation—no more heating blankets for mechanism cabinets.

• Intelligent Control Advantages: The new electronic controller monitored contact travel curves in real time. When a 0.3mm over-travel deviation occurred in phase B, the system alerted us 24 hours in advance—unlike the old spring mechanisms, which relied on audible cues and once failed due to a detached connecting pin.

• Lifespan and Energy Consumption: After six months, disassembled permanent magnet breakers showed only 0.05mm of contact erosion, versus 0.3mm in unmodified spring breakers. Even more remarkable: the holding current of 50μA (1/1000th of traditional mechanisms) eliminated coil overheating failures.

III. Two Years of Operational Data

By late 2012, 16 permanent magnet breakers had operated for 730 days, yielding striking statistics:

• Annual operation failures dropped from 27 to 0

• Maintenance man-hours per unit reduced from 8 to 1.5

• Overall equipment failure rate decreased by 92%

During a winter shutdown last year, as I watched colleagues effortlessly test the breakers, I recalled my early days struggling with spring mechanisms in freezing conditions. The "maintenance-free" nature of permanent magnet technology now frees us to focus on smart grid upgrades—proof that technological innovation not only solves immediate problems but also paves the way for future possibilities.