Takardarwa na Manyan Aiki na Karamin Zafi
Takardarwa na manyan aiki na karamin zafi ya tabbatar da shi a matsayin yawan tsariyar hanyoyin zafi zuwa jirgin hanyoyin zafi a tashin. Tsariyar hanyo yana neman lokacin da biyu: zaɓuwar hanyoyin zafi da takardarwa na manyan aiki. Don haka, don hanyoyin zafi masu mafi yawa, mutanen kallo suna da tsariyar hanyo daban-daban saboda takardarwa na manyan aiki masu karfi.
A cikin kallo, bangaren manyan aiki ba suka dogara kadan, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan aiki mai ƙarin. Wadannan manyan aiki ba suka haɗa da atomai masu inganci, amma suke ƙungiyar da ƙarin a cikin kallo.
Idan an yi hanyoyin zafi E volt/meter a cikin ɗaya daga cikin kallo. Saboda dalilin wannan hanyoyin zafi, manyan aiki mai ƙarin zai ci gaba. Amma saboda ƙungiyoyin da ke faruwa da ions masu ƙarin, zaɓuwar manyan aiki ba zai iya ƙarewa ta ƙarin. A binciken ƙungiyar, manyan aiki yake rage muhimman kinetic energy kuma yana ci gaba saboda abin hanyoyin zafi na gaba. Hakan ya ƙunshi manyan aiki suka ci gaba zuwa tsariyar hanyo mai tsawo a lokacin da aka bayar hanyoyin zafi. Idan a sani tsariyar hanyo ya zama v metre/sec. Ba zan iya magana game da tsariyar hanyo ba, domin ya ƙunshi tsariyar hanyoyin zafi E.

A nan, μ ita ce sabon da ake kira take takardarwa na manyan aiki. Wannan takardarwa ya ƙunshi yadda manyan aiki suke ƙungiyar a cikin tashin. Idan tsariyar hanyo mai tsawo yana ƙungiya da ƙungiyar thermal mai ƙarin, ana samu tsariyar hanyo mai yawa a kan yankin hanyoyin zafi.
Wannan alamar zai ƙunshi karamin zafi. Jidadi na karamin zafi J yana ƙunshi karamin zafi mai ban sha'awa da ƙarfin karamin zafi per unit perpendicular cross-sectional area na tashin.
J = jidadi na karamin zafi = karamin zafi per unit area na tashin. Duk da cewa, jidadi na karamin zafi zai ƙunshi karamin zafi mai ban sha'awa da ƙarfin karamin zafi per unit cross-sectional area na tashin.
Idan ƙarfin manyan aiki per cubic metre ita ce n,
nv = ƙarfin manyan aiki mai ƙarfin lokaci per unit cross-section na tashin.
Saboda haka, jami'an ruwa mai ƙarfin lokaci per unit cross-section na tashin ita ce env Coulombs. Wannan ba zan iya magana game da jidadi na karamin zafi na tashin ba.
Duk da cewa, don tashin unit dimension, cross-sectional area A = 1 m 2

tsakiyar L = 1 m, hanyoyin zafi E = V/L = V/1 = V (V ita ce hanyoyin voltage da aka bayar a cikin tashin). Karamin zafi I = J da kuma resistance R = ρ = 1/σ, idan, ρ ita ce resistivity da σ ita ce conductivity na tashin.
