Sistem SCADA: Me ke nan? (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

Muhimmiya SCADA ne

SCADA na nufin “Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.” SCADA shi yana aiki control system architecture wanda ya yi amfani da komputa, networked data communications, da kuma graphical Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) don in iya samar da control da acquisition of data a matsayin process.

SCADA systems suna tattara cewa suka tattaunawa da wasu devices, kamar programmable logic controllers (PLCs) da PID controllers don in tattauna da industrial process plants da kuma equipment.

SCADA systems suna gudanar da yawan control systems engineering. SCADA systems suna haɗa bayanai da data daga aikinsu wanda ana baƙe ta hanyar zamantakewa (the “DA” in SCADA). Ana rasa da kuma log data, kamar yadda aka sanya wa HMIs.

Wannan ya taimaka masu aiki don in su iya yanayi (the “S” in SCADA) yadda ake aiki a cikin field, hatta daga wuraren abin da ba su. Yana taimaka su da kuma in su iya kontrol (the “C” in SCADA) wasu aikinsu a tuntubi da HMI.

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems suna da muhimmanci ga wasu industries kuma ana amfani da su don control da monitoring of processes. SCADA systems suna amfani da su saboda suke da power zuwa control, monitor, da kuma transmission of data a tsari mai kyau.

A lokacin da na biyu wannan, ana bin da rasu a kan ci gaban automation da kuma karfin decisions through the proper use of data, and SCADA systems are a great way of achieving this.

SCADA systems zai iya run virtually, wanda yana taimaka masu aiki don in su iya samar da duk aikinsu daga wurarensu ko control room.

Za a iya haifar da lokaci tare da amfani da SCADA. Misali da za a iya bayyana shine SCADA systems, wadanda an amfani da su a gas and oil sector. Large pipelines zai tsaftace oil da chemicals inside the manufacturing unit.

Saboda haka, safety yana da muhimmanci, kafin bai kashe leakage along the pipeline. Idan akwai leakage, ana amfani da SCADA system don in a duba leakage. An infers information, transmits it to the system, displays the information on the computer screen, and also gives an alert to the operator.

Generic SCADA systems contain both hardware and software components. The computer used for analysis should be loaded with SCADA software. The hardware component receives the input data and feeds it into the system for further analysis.

The SCADA system contains a hard disk, which records and stores the data into a file, after which it is printed when needed by the human operator. SCADA systems are used in various industries and manufacturing units like energy, food and beverage, oil and gas, power, water, and Waste Management units, and many more.

SCADA History

Before the birth of SCADA systems, manufacturing floors and industrial plants relied on manual control and monitoring using push buttons and analogue equipment. As the size of the industries and manufacturing units grew, they started using relays and timers that provided supervisory control to a certain extent.

Unfortunately, relays and timers were able to solve problems only with minimal automation functionality, and reconfiguring the system was difficult. So, a more efficient and fully automated system was required by all industries.

Computers were developed for industrial control purposes in the early 1950s. Slowly, the telemetry concept was introduced for virtual communication and the transmission of data.

Around the year 1970, the term SCADA was coined along with the evolution of microprocessors and PLC concepts.

This helped in the development of a fully automated system that can be used remotely in the industry. As the years rolled by,