Kula da Ma'aikatar Farkon Karamin Kofin Kirkiro a Filayen 110 kV

A cikin tasharren bayanai, ana da ake karin abubuwan da aka fi sani da suka haɗa da ake yi wa alamar karamin gaji masu gaji:

• Kara (kada/kare) masu gaji da ake amfani don inganta hanyoyi (PTs) da kuma karamin gaji;

• Kara alamar karamin gaji na tsakiyar alamar karamin gaji mai yawa a lokacin da ake yi aiki da kullum;

• Kara tsohon karamin gaji don inganta hanyoyin mutane.

Alamar karamin gaji masu gaji shi ne wani abu mai gajin karamin da ba ake da kyauwar jirgin samun. Saboda haka, zai iya ake yi aiki da shi ne lokacin da ya faru. A yi aiki da alamar karamin gaji a lokacin da ake da kyau a matsayin ko a lokacin da an yi aiki da abubuwa, zai iya haɗa da hanyoyin karamin gaji mafi yawa. A lokacin da ita ce, zai iya haɗa da karamin gaji daga babban zuwa babban, zai iya haɗa da abubuwa, ko kuma zai iya haɗa da adalci masu aiki.

Idan alamar karamin gaji ya faru, yana da kyau a ni a faru a kan abubuwan da ake yi aiki da abubuwan da suka faru, don in ba da wahala mai kyau. Amma idan an yi aiki, zai iya ake yi aiki da kyau a kan hanyoyin karamin gaji mai yawa da karamin gaji mai karamin gaji. Aikin muhimmanci na alamar karamin gaji shine in ba da wahalar da kyau a kan abubuwan da ake yi aiki da abubuwan da suka faru, don in ba da wahalar da kyau a lokacin da ake yi aiki da abubuwan da suka faru.

Alamar karamin gaji masu gaji suna iya a amfani da su don a yi aiki da karamin gaji na substation, don in ba da wahalar da kyau a kan aikin substation. Misali, a cikin substation da ake amfani don karamin gaji biyu, zai iya ake kare karamin gaji mai yawa zuwa karamin gaji mai faru, ko kuma a yi aiki da abubuwan da ke karamin gaji biyu, tun daga karamin gaji mai yawa zuwa karamin gaji mai faru, tun daga karamin gaji mai yawa zuwa karamin gaji mai faru. Amma saboda a yi aiki da su da wasu, zai iya haɗa da wahalar da ba su iya faru ko kare, wannan zai iya buƙata a yi tattaunawa da tattalin arziki. Idan akwai wahalar da ake da su a kan alamar karamin gaji, zai iya buƙata a yi canza a kan aikinsu.

1. Abubuwan Alamar Karamin Gaji

Yanzu, ana da wani alamar karamin gaji a kan duk baya da circuit breaker don in ba da wahalar da kyau—don in ba da wahalar da kyau a lokacin da ake yi aiki da abubuwan da suka faru. Ana sauya shakar da tsakiyar karamin gaji ta fari a kan switchgear cabinet zuwa shakar da karamin gaji. Alamar karamin gaji a tsakiyar circuit breaker yana da aiki mai yawa don in ba da wahalar da kyau. Amma, idan an yi aiki da karamin gaji a kan baya, misali, idan an yi aiki da karamin gaji mai yawa daga cikin karamin gaji biyu, ko kuma idan an yi aiki da capacitor, zai iya buƙata a yi aiki da wani alamar karamin gaji a kan baya da circuit breaker.

Wani substation na 110 kV ta amfani da alamar karamin gaji masu gaji na gwai na GW16B/17B-252. Tushen tattalin arziki na alamar karamin gaji suna cikin Tabel 1. Wannan alamar karamin gaji shi ne wani abu mai gajin karamin gaji na gwai na uku, ake amfani don a yi aiki a kan substation na 110 kV, don in ba da wahalar da kyau a kan abubuwan da ake yi aiki da abubuwan da suka faru.

Muhimman dandano na wannan disconnector sun hada da karkashin tsakiyar, karshe shi ne da yawan gudanar da sauya, amfani da ita da zama, kuma taimakawa wajen hankali. Sisteminsu na gida ta da rikitar da take da abubuwan da suka dogara, da kuma muhimman abubuwa a cikin tubura da ya kula da aiki don inganta sabbin yanayi mai yawa. A cikin tuburun da aka kula da aiki ana da fassarren mafi yawa da kuma fassarren magance: waɗanda take da amsa da damar da yawa a lokacin da ake buƙata ko kula, sannan waɗanda ke bi da zama da damar da yawa don samun ƙungiyar da zama.

Saboda disconnector suna da yawa a kan yankin, suna da shiga da yanayi mai yawa kamar haukari da sauya. Don inganta damar da yawa, an yi lalace da mekanismi mai kula don bayyana cewa an yi kula da zama. Disconnector da kuma switchin da ya kula da tsakiya suna amfani da tubura mai kula da alamiyu, da kuma wurare da ya kula da aiki da ruwa mai kula da tsakiya ko kula da tsakiya don inganta damar da yawa, zama da kuma yawan gudanar da sauya a wuraren da suke da ƙungiyar da zama.

Switchin da ya kula da tsakiya na da karkashin tsakiyar. A lokacin da ake kula, wurar da ya kula da aiki ke ɗauki da yawa sannan yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa ƙima don ɗaukar wurar da ba ya kula da aiki, don inganta cewa ba za a haifar da yawa ko kula da yawa. Wannan karkashin take inganta damar da kula da zama da kuma yawan gudanar da sauya a lokacin da aka kula da current mai kula da tsakiya.

2. Karkashin da Amfani da Disconnector

Amfani da disconnector na da biyu masu ayyuka: ayyukan da yawa da ayyukan da magance.

2.1 Ayyukan da Yawa

A cikin mekanismi mai kula da yawa, abubuwan da suka dogara da a cikin insulatorda mai kula da yawa suna da shiga da abubuwan da suka dogara da a cikin tsakiyar da ya kula da aiki don yi ayyukan da yawa. Idan ake yi ayyukan, tuburan da ya kula da aiki yake ɗauki da yawa don kula (amfani da kula) ko kula da yawa don kula (amfani da kula da yawa). Tsirrotin da ya kula da aiki a tsohon tuburan da ya kula da aiki ke ɗauki da yawa zuwa tuburan da ya kula da aiki.

Tsohon tsirrotin da ya kula da aiki ana da shiga da abubuwan da suka dogara da a cikin chain. Idan tsirrotin yake ɗauki da yawa, chain yake ɗauki da yawa, sannan chain yake ɗauki da yawa tuburan da ya kula da aiki—wanda ya kula da shaft—don ɗaukar tuburan da ya kula da aiki, a cikin tsakiyar da ya kula da aiki, ko kula da yawa (amfani da kula) ko kula da yawa (amfani da kula da yawa).

Sannan, idan tsirrotin da ya kula da aiki yake ɗauki da yawa, fassarren mafi yawa a cikin tuburan da ya kula da aiki ke ɗauki da yawa don kula da yawa. Wannan take inganta damar da yawa, zama da kuma yawan gudanar da sauya a lokacin da ake yi ayyukan da yawa.

2.2 Ayyukan da Magance

Idan disconnector yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa cikin kula, kuma yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa cikin kula (ya ni a cikin tsakiyar da ya kula da aiki), gear yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa plane da ya kula da aiki, sannan yake ɗauki da yawa. A lokacin, idan tsirrotin da ya kula da aiki yake ɗauki da yawa, abubuwan da suka dogara da a cikin contact assembly ke ɗauki da yawa, inda rod yake ɗauki da yawa don ɗaukar contact fingers. Idan stationary contact rod yake ɗaukar, gear yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa ƙima don ɗaukar cikin kula da zama.

A lokacin, fassarren magance a cikin tuburan da ya kula da aiki ke ɗauki da yawa don kula da yawa, sannan yake ɗauki da yawa rod, don inganta damar da yawa da kula da zama a cikin contact fingers da stationary rod.

A lokacin da ake yi ayyukan da kula da yawa, gear yake ɗauki da yawa zuwa ƙima, sannan return spring yake ɗauki da yawa rod, don ɗaukar contact fingers don kula da yawa, don ɗaukar electrical connection.

3. Misauna

3.1 Tattalin Duk'ar da Tattalin Arziki

A shekarar daɗi, a lokacin da ake yi ayyukan da kula da yawa a 110 kV substation, disconnector da ya kula da aiki bai ɗauki da yawa. An yi tattalin duk'ar a grounding system, main conductive system, mechanical interlock, upper/lower conductive tubes, da kuma motorized operating mechanism. An samu cewa gear a cikin motor mechanism box ya ƙasa, da kuma abubuwan da suka dogara da shaft pins da joints ya ƙasa. Operation and maintenance personnel suna riƙe ƙananan, da kuma an yi corrective measures a cikin annual maintenance schedule.

3.2 Addinin Ingantaccen

(1) Upgraded Auxiliary Components
Shaft pins da joints ana fitowa da stainless steel da ma ƙasa, don inganta yawan gudanar da sauya. Graphite-impregnated da composite bushings—da yawan gudanar da sauya da kuma low friction coefficients—sun fiye don inganta transmission efficiency. Duk abubuwan da suka dogara da ferrous parts ana hot-dip galvanized, don inganta yawan gudanar da sauya. Field experience confirms that hot-dip galvanizing is well-suited for outdoor applications.

(2) Enhanced Motorized Operating Mechanism
CJ7A motor mechanism ta ƙaramta ta fitowa da modelin CJ11. A photograph of the upgraded CJ11 mechanism is shown in Figure 1.

(3) Advanced Auxiliary Switch Design
Auxiliary switch na da muhimmiyar secondary component wanda ya bayyana open/close status signals. Failure could result in incorrect signaling and operational malfunction. The new design employs an internationally advanced cam-driven micro-switch mechanism, ensuring reliable switching, smooth rotation, and immunity to failure during open/close transitions.

(4) Motor Control Protection
After completion of an open or close operation, the motor power is first cut off by the auxiliary switch. If the auxiliary switch fails, terminal limit switches on both open and close sides disconnect the motor. Should these also fail, mechanical stoppers on both sides activate a thermal relay to cut power. This three-tier protection system reliably stops the motor after each operation, preventing uncontrolled motion and potential mechanical damage.

(5) Ingantaccen Sistem na Nokki
Amfani da ingantaccen sashe-sashe na gida-gidan. Sashe-sashe, hanyoyi, da kuma abubuwa masu gudanar da su suna fito shi a cikin wuraren aluwansa. Wannan gyara yana ba da aiki mai zurfi, tushen da ba a yi, da kuma babu nasarorin.

(6) Sistem na Kula na Biyu
Tsakiyar kontrol ta da takarda da kyau da kuma kyakkyawan fanni, amma ake amfani da tsari na baka. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen sauran kayayyakin da kuma aiki a cikin gwamnati, inda yana ba da aiki mai zurfi da kula a sistem na biyu.

(7) Inganci na Gwamnati
Amsa gwamnatin da ake amfani da inganci na rafin zuba a cikin baka. Baka da takura suna da 2.5 mm daya, idan jiki na mafi ya da 2 mm, wanda yake bayar da damar da kuma ayyukan da ke faruwar da kula.

4. Tabbacin

Daga shekarun da aka yi aiki da kula da kuma bincike a cikin take da ake karfin a wannan birnin 110 kV, an yi gagarum da aiki na farko zuwa modelin CJ11 da Pinggao Group ta gina - wanda yana da aiki mai zurfi, da kula da kuma aiki mai gudanar da sashe-sashe na gida-gidan. Wannan gyara na zama yana taimakawa waɗannan abubuwan da ake bukata a cikin aiki da kuma aiki, tare da aiki mai zurfi, aiki mai kula, darajar da aiki mai kula, ba a yi nasarorin, tushen da ba a yi, da kula da kula, da kuma kyakkyawan fanni.

A cikin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su, ake iya amfani da CJ11 don aiki a kan, aiki a kan, ko kuma aiki a kan. Bayanin aiki a cikin adadin da ake tabbatar da shi, ana nuna cewa za a iya yi aiki masu aiki da 10,000 aiki masu aiki da kula.