Kategorizaciya na Buses na Sistemai na Kirkiro
Takardunawa da Kategorizacin Buses a Cikin Sistomin Kirkiro
A cikin sistomin kirkiro, bus ita ce maimaitaka, yawanci yana nufin likitoci, inda kungiyoyi na sistomin da kuma abubuwa masu sauran kamar generators, loads, da feeders suka haɗa. Har bus a cikin sistomin kirkiro ya samu shaida da dama uku na tsarin karamin kimiyya: girman kirkiro, zanen kimiyyar kirkiro, active power (ko true power), da reactive power. Wadannan abubuwan sun tattauna wajen tatabbatar da fahimtar hanyoyi da na'urori na sistomin kirkiro.
A lokacin load flow studies, wanda ake neman bayanan hanyoyin cin kai na sistomin kirkiro, daga uku abubuwan da suka shafi har bus, biyu ne suka fi sani, kuma biyu tana daidai don tabbaci. Daga wannan abubuwan da suka shafi, buses suna kategorize zuwa uku na gida: generation buses, load buses, da slack buses. Wannan kategorizaci ta taimaka wajen rubuta da kuma hallar load flow equations, wanda ke taimaka masana kimiyyar tsaftace da kuma inganta dukkake na sistomin kirkiro, da kuma tashin daidai da amanna na gridin kirkiro.
Jikohi na baya tana bayyana abubuwan da suka shafi da kuma abubuwan da ba suka shafi game da types of buses.
Generation Bus (Voltage Control Bus ko P-V Bus)
Generation bus, wanda ake kira P-V bus, shine maimakon muhimmiyar a cikin tatabbatar da fahimtar sistomin kirkiro. A wannan bus, biyu na parametosu suna shafi: girman kirkiro, wanda ya danganta da generated voltage, da kuma active power (true power) P, wanda ya danganta da rating na generator. Don ci girmansu a kan girman kirkiro a cikin sakamakar da aka shafasa, reactive power an injekta a cikin sistemidansa. Saboda haka, reactive power generation Q da zanen kimiyyar δ na kirkiro a P-V bus su ne abubuwan da za su tabbata a kan power system analysis algorithms. Wannan al'ummar tana taimaka wajen tashin daidai da kuma hanyoyin daidai na gridin kirkiro, domin ci girmansu a kan sakamakar da aka shafasa yana da muhimmanci wajen amfani da kirkiro da amanna.
Load Bus (P-Q Bus)
Load bus, wanda ake kira P-Q bus, shine maimaitaka inda active power da reactive power suka fito ko suka shiga electrical network. A cikin load flow studies, a wannan bus, active power P da reactive power Q values suna shafi da kuma saboda abubuwan da suka shiga. Abubuwan da ba suka shafi ba su ne girman da zanen kimiyyar kirkiro. Idan girman kirkiro a load bus yana iya canzawa a kan sakamakar da aka shafasa, kadan kimanin 5%, amfani da shi a kan sakamakar da aka shafasa yana da muhimmanci wajen fahimtacen abubuwan masu electrical devices. Zanen kimiyyar δ na kirkiro, idan a load, yana da muhimmanci kadan da girman kirkiro, saboda abubuwan masu electrical appliances suka faɗa da jin fahimtar a kan sakamakar da aka shafasa.
Slack, Swing ko Reference Bus
Slack bus tana taimaka wani muhimmiyar a cikin sistomin kirkiro. Ba kawai, babu load na musamman da ya haɗa da shi. Amma, yana yi aiki a kan power reservoir, yadda ya iya shiga ko fito active power da reactive power a cikin sistomin kirkiro. A cikin load flow analysis, girman da zanen kimiyyar kirkiro a slack bus ana shafi. Tabbacce, zanen kimiyyar kirkiro a wannan bus ana shafi da zero, wanda ke taimaka wajen reference point for the entire power system. Active and reactive power values for the slack bus suna tabbata a lokacin solution of load flow equations.
Konceptin slack bus ta faru daga nasabu na hanyoyin load flow calculations. Saboda I2R losses a cikin sistomin kirkiro ba za su iya shafi a matsayin haka, yana iya buƙata a kan shafashe da total injected power at each individual bus. Ta haka, tare da slack bus, masana kimiyyar suke iya balance the power equations across the system, tare da tashin daidai da accuracy na overall power flow calculations. Zero - phase - angle convention a slack bus ta shawarar wajen mathematical modeling and analysis of the power system, tare da tushen amfani da fahimtar electrical relationships and power exchanges within the grid.
