Amfaniyar Tattalin Teknologi na Dangantaka a Ayyuka da Zama-zamai na Gwamnati na IEE-Business

Da yadda cikin tattalin hanyoyi na gida, kawo shugaban da yaɗu (SCADA-based automated switching) a gasar da suka yi nasara wajen inganta aiki mai kyau a tsarin hanyoyi. Idan an yi amfani da tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu a yankunan, akwai abubuwa masu muhimmanci game da kyaukkyau a cikin tsarin hanyoyi da kuma inganta aiki masu alaka. Tattalin Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)—wanda ke nuna zafi, tushen, da kuma aiki mai karatu—ke bayar aiki mai sauƙi wajen inganta aiki a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu.

Ta hanyar inganta ayyukan UAV kamar aiki mai karatu da kuma aiki mai karatu a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu na musamman, za a iya dole aiki mai karatu a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, wanda ke nuna kyaukkyau da kuma inganta aiki mai karatu. Bincike a kan amfani da UAV a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu ta gasar da suka yi nasara wajen inganta hanyoyi na gida.

1.Bayanin Tattalin Kawo Shugaban Da Yaɗu a Gasar Da SuIEE-Business
1.1 Takaitaccen Ma'anar
Tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu a gasar da suka yi na nufin aiki mai karatu waɗanda ake yi a matsayin jerin aiki mai karatu daga baya zuwa baya a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu. Misali, a cikin aiki mai karatu na bus transfer (switching): a lokacin da ake yi a hanyar aiki mai karatu, yawancin mutum suna yi aiki mai karatu a cikin circuit breakers, disconnectors, da sauransu kadan-kadan. Amma, a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, mafita ke iya ba komandin aiki mai karatu daban-daban daga workstation na monitoring; sannan tsari ke yi aiki mai karatu daban-daban a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, misali, tripping a line circuit breaker da kuma opening associated disconnectors—wanda ke taimakawa aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

1.2 Fasahar Tattalin
Tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu a gasar da suka yi na neman aiki mai karatu daban-daban da ake yi a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu. A cikin wannan tattalin, akwai host na supervisory, measurement and control units, da intelligent terminals. Host na supervisory ke nuna interface na human-machine, wanda ke jirgin komandin aiki mai karatu da kuma ake haɗe su zuwa signals na control. Measurement and control units ke tsaftace data na aiki mai karatu a baya zuwa baya, kamar current, voltage, da kuma aiki mai karatu, wanda ke bayar aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Intelligent terminals ke tsaftace aiki mai karatu daban-daban da kuma ke tsaftace data na aiki mai karatu daban-daban a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, wanda ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

1.3 Muhimmin Matafiya
1.3.1 Inganta Aiki Mai Kyau
A cikin aiki mai karatu na gasar da suka yi, akiyoyi mai karatu ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Misali, a lokacin da ake yi aiki mai karatu na 220 kV bus transfer, yawancin mutum suna yi aiki mai karatu daban-daban, kamar verification of equipment IDs, confirmation of statuses, da kuma aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Saboda haddadi na mutum, aiki mai karatu daban-daban ana iya yanar gizo da 2-3 hours, wanda ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

A cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, aiki mai karatu ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A lokacin da ake yi aiki mai karatu, tsari ke yi aiki mai karatu daban-daban a cikin tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu, kamar verification of device status, validation of operation ticket, da kuma aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Data na field ke nuna cewa aiki mai karatu na 220 kV bus transfer ke yanar gizo da 20 minutes—a more than 80% improvement over traditional methods. Wannan ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban, wanda ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

1.3.2 Inganta Kyaukkyau
Aiki mai karatu na gasar da suka yi ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A lokacin da ake yi aiki mai karatu, yawancin mutum suna yi aiki mai karatu daban-daban, kamar verification of labels, execution of steps out of sequence, da kuma aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Aiki mai karatu daban-daban ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban, wanda ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

Tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A lokacin da ake yi aiki mai karatu, logic validation ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A lokacin da ake yi aiki mai karatu, tsari ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban, kamar verification of breakers and disconnectors; idan ake samun abu mai laifi, aiki mai karatu ke haɗa. Wannan ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban, wanda ke nuna aiki mai karatu daban-daban.

1.4 Hali na Yanzu
A lokacin da China ta ci gaba a cikin hanyoyi na gida, tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu ta gasar da suka yi na neman aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A cikin gasar da suka yi na biyu, intelligent design principles ke neman aiki mai karatu daban-daban, tattalin kawo shugaban da yaɗu ke neman aiki mai karatu daban-daban. Misali, a East China, adoption rate of sequential control in new substations over the past five years has reached 95%. A cikin cities like Shenzhen and Shanghai, coverage exceeds 80% for 220 kV and higher voltage substations, significantly boosting regional grid efficiency and safety.

Amsa, a cikin gasar da suka yi na biyu, aiki mai karatu ke neman aiki mai karatu daban-daban. A North China, a 20-year-old 110 kV substation was successfully upgraded with sequential control functionality through replacement of intelligent I/O units and modernization of the supervisory system, markedly improving operational efficiency and reliability.

Amma, idan kawo gaba ta sequential control yana zama, masu sauki na fannin da ke faruwa suna zo. Idan hawa mai tsarki, abubuwa da take faruwa a wurare, ko tushen muhimmanci suka faru, wannan zai iya haifar da ingantaccen bayanai na baya to wuce da duk ilimi, wanda ya iya haifar da takamfa da ingantaccen ilimi, ko kuma aiki da abu da ba daidai ba. Duk da cewa, masu sauki ga amfani da kayayyakin daban-daban—saboda matsalolin da ke faruwa a kan bayanan bayanai, sabon bayanai, da kuma al'adun bayanai—yanayi da za a iya haifar da bayanai na faruwa ko aiki da jikin bayanai, wanda ya iya haifar da kyau da daidaitacce ga aiki na sequential.

Don in hanyar waɗannan matsaloli, sana'o'in shirin zuwa biyu: tattalin fanni da kuma tattalin ma'aikata. Fanni, ana buƙatar samun algoritomin don in yanayi haifar da ingantaccen bayanai da duk ilimi a kan faruwar da ke faruwa. A kan ma'aikatar, ana buƙatar samun bayanan bayanai da kuma al'adun bayanai don in yanayi haifar da kyau ga amfani da kayayyakin daban-daban.

A nan, teknologiyyar UAV—wanda ya ba da aiki da kyau, manufar da adadin magana, da kuma samun bayanai da ba da aiki da kayayyaki—ya ba da hanyar da ita ce da ya iya haifar da sequential control. A lokacin aiki na sequential, UAVs suna iya yi aiki na samun bayanai na baya to wuce da kayayyakin da ke faruwa, tare da amfani da multispectral imaging, infrared thermography, da kuma wasu tattalin fanni, wanda ya iya haifar da samun bayanai na daidai da kuma samun abu da ba daidai ba. Wannan feedback na baya to wuce ya iya haifar da duk ilimi na daidai a kan aiki na sequential control systems, wanda ya iya haifar da fahimtadda da kyau ga aiki na shirin.

2. Amfani da Teknologiyyar UAV a kan Sequential Control na Substation
2.1 Kirkiro Model Na 3D Na Kayayyaka Da Amfani Da Teknologiyyar UAV
Amfani da teknologiyyar UAV don kirkiro model na 3D na kayayyaka na substation ya ba da hanyar da ita ce da ya iya haifar da sequential control. Da kamiran kamirin survey-grade cameras, UAVs suna iya yi samun bayanai na baya to wuce daga adadin magana da kuma manufar da adadin magana, wanda ya iya haifar da layout na kayayyaka da kuma kayayyakin da ke muhimmanci. Wannan ya iya haifar da dataset na bayanai na kayayyaka da ake amfani da shi don kirkiro model na 3D na daidai. Don in haifar da kyau ga bayanai da kuma daidaitaccen geometry, misalun aiki na UAV suna iya haifar da amfani da ma'aikatar da ake bayyana a kan Table 1.

Daga cikin wannan parametarun, kasa na farko da zaka so ku 120 m - wani matsayin adadin kasa mai yadda ake taimakawa UAV ta hankali masu substation daban-daban a lokacin da ya yi tabbataccen bayanai. Kasa na farko da zaka so ku kontrola a kan 2–5 m/s don in taimaka wa UAV da yake gudanar da yake ci abin da yake da shi a lokacin da ya zama, kuma in taimaka wa da yake haɗa wasu bayanai saboda kasa mai yau. Tsawon exposure (girman bayanin) an seta zuwa 2–3 detasuna, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma da inganci a cikin ƙarin bayanan da yake da su.

Overlap na farko da zaka so ku 85% kuma overlap na yawan da zaka so ku 75% sun taimaka wa da yake iya samun amfani da masu bayanai da suka duba da su, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun amfani da su a lokacin da ya yi stitching da modeling 3D. Focal length na camera lens ta kasance daga 35 zuwa 50 mm, da sensor mai girma da pixels 6,048 × 4,032, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Duk da haka, ground sampling distance (GSD) da zaka so ku 1.5 cm/pixel yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A lokacin da ya yi kontrola wa da wannan parametarun, UAV yana samun bayanai mai girma, wanda a lokacin da ya yi processing da software mai girma, stitching, fusion, da 3D reconstruction, yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun model 3D mai girma da inganci game da substation. Wannan model yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

2.2 Implementation of “Dual Confirmation” for Disconnector Position in Substations
“Dual confirmation” device for disconnectors yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Yana amfani da sensors da ake tsakiyar da primary mechanical operating mechanism don in taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Yana da micro-switches biyu: na biyu yana tsakiyar da sensor da ya taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Bayanai da aka samu yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A cikin central hub, substation’s measurement and control unit yana samun signals daga micro-switch da na farko (mechanical feedback) da kuma processed signal daga micro-switch na biyu (sensor-based feedback). A lokacin da ya yi integration da validation da dual inputs, unit yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Duk da haka, anti-misoperation host yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun logic-based verification da all operation commands issued by the sequential control host. Ba a lokacin da anti-error verification ya yi tasirce ba, sequential operation za a iya zama.

Wannan “dual confirmation” mechanism yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. A cikin real-world scenarios—ko da routine switching operations ko da emergency responses—dual-confirmation disconnector yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

2.3 Practical Application
A cikin expansion project a 110 kV substation, integrating new equipment into the existing sequential control system yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Operators yana amfani da UAVs following strict flight parameters: kasa na farko da zaka so ku 120 m yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, kasa na farko da zaka so ku 2–5 m/s yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, da exposure interval da zaka so ku 2–3 seconds yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Duk da haka, 85% forward overlap da 75% side overlap yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A lokacin da ya yi advanced photogrammetry and 3D modeling techniques, high-resolution UAV imagery yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. Wannan immersive spatial model yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. A lokacin da ya yi simulation of sequential control procedures, operators yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A cikin practice, wannan approach yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A cikin daily sequential control operation and maintenance scenarios of this 110 kV substation, disconnector “dual confirmation” mechanism yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. A cikin nighttime emergency sequential control operation, after operators issue a disconnector opening command from the sequential control host, “dual confirmation” device yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

A cikin wannan process, UAV yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation. A cikin “dual confirmation” device is operating, UAV yana taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation, wanda ke taimaka wa da yake iya samun bayanai mai girma game da jami'a masu substation.

Daga cikin hanyoyin gudummawa na tsohon yaki, wannan hanyoyi mai kula ya ci gaba lokacin da aka yi daga 10 minti zuwa 3 minti kawai, wanda yake so shirya damar. Mafi kyau, yana da muhimmanci wajen kawo karfi ga ristata da aka faruwa saboda yanayi da zama da abubuwa da kuma lafiya da ke faruwa a yakin da aka yi a ranar.

3.Kammala
Takardun takwas na UAV ta ba da fadada nau'in da suka fi sani a matsayin yadda ake yi amfani da takwas na kontrolu na tsari. Ta haka, ta haɗa da tsarin modeli masu sahihi na uku, wanda yake so shirya damar da ake iya kula da wurare masu karatu a cikin takwas na kontrolu na tsari da kuma inganta hanyoyin samun bayanai. Idan an yi aiki da wasu wurare masu "dual confirmation" na disconnector, ana iya kawo karfi da dabara ga aikinsu. Idan an yi aiki da wasu wurare masu "dual confirmation" na disconnector, ana iya kawo karfi da dabara ga aikinsu. A cikin lokacin da takardun UAV ta ci gaba da kula da takwas na kontrolu na tsari, yana da kyau a kan kuɗi da ake bukatar da ita don inganta hanyoyin amfani da takwas na kontrolu na tsari a cikin al'amuran da suka fi yawa, da kuma inganta tushen da dabaran da ake amfani da wurare. Yana da kyau a kan kuɗi da ake bukatar da ita don inganta hanyoyin amfani da takwas na kontrolu na tsari a cikin al'amuran da suka fi yawa, da kuma inganta tushen da dabaran da ake amfani da wurare, kuma ta ba da kyau a kan kuɗi da ake bukatar da ita don inganta hanyoyin amfani da takwas na kontrolu na tsari a cikin al'amuran da suka fi yawa, da kuma inganta tushen da dabaran da ake amfani da wurare, kuma ta ba da kyau a kan kuɗi da ake bukatar da ita don inganta hanyoyin amfani da takwas na kontrolu na tsari a cikin al'amuran da suka fi yawa, da kuma inganta tushen da dabaran da ake amfani da wurare.