SAFE-DELAY Safety Relay

Characteristics and Detection Devices for Single-Phase Ground Faults1. Characteristics of Single-Phase Ground FaultsCentral Alarm Signals:The warning bell rings, and the indicator lamp labeled “Ground Fault on [X] kV Bus Section [Y]” illuminates. In systems with a Petersen coil (arc suppression coil) grounding the neutral point, the “Petersen Coil Operated” indicator also lights up.Insulation Monitoring Voltmeter Indications:The voltage of the faulted phase decreases (in

The arrangement of neutral point grounding operation modes for 110kV～220kV power grid transformers shall meet the insulation withstand requirements of transformer neutral points, and shall also strive to keep the zero-sequence impedance of substations basically unchanged, while ensuring that the zero-sequence comprehensive impedance at any short-circuit point in the system does not exceed three times the positive-sequence comprehensive impedance.For 220kV and 110kV transformers in new constructi

Why Do Substations Use Stones, Gravel, Pebbles, and Crushed Rock?In substations, equipment such as power and distribution transformers, transmission lines, voltage transformers, current transformers, and disconnect switches all require grounding. Beyond grounding, we will now explore in depth why gravel and crushed stone are commonly used in substations. Though they appear ordinary, these stones play a critical safety and functional role.In substation grounding design—especially when multiple gr

Why Does the Transformer Core Need to Be Grounded?During operation, the transformer core, along with the metal structures, parts, and components that fix the core and windings, are all situated in a strong electric field. Under the influence of this electric field, they acquire a relatively high potential with respect to ground. If the core is not grounded, a potential difference will exist between the core and the grounded clamping structures and tank, which may lead to intermittent discharge.I

I. What is a Neutral Point?In transformers and generators, the neutral point is a specific point in the winding where the absolute voltage between this point and each external terminal is equal. In the diagram below, pointOrepresents the neutral point.II. Why Does the Neutral Point Need Grounding?The electrical connection method between the neutral point and earth in a three-phase AC power system is called theneutral grounding method. This grounding method directly affects:The safety, reliabilit

What is a Rectifier Transformer?"Power conversion" is a general term encompassing rectification, inversion, and frequency conversion, with rectification being the most widely used among them. Rectifier equipment converts input AC power into DC output through rectification and filtering. A rectifier transformer serves as the power supply transformer for such rectifier equipment. In industrial applications, most DC power supplies are obtained by combining a rectifier transformer with rectifier equ