Dalilai na Amsa da H59 Distribution Transformer Yake Zama

1. Mafi yawan karamin shi

Karkashin, da cewa hanyoyin mutanen zama da suka fi sani, ya zama da yawan karamin shi na tattalin arziki ta kasance da yawa. H59 distribution transformers suna da karamin shi mai kadan—“dabbobi mai kadan da ke garga” —kuma ba su iya tabbatar da ma'adonin masu amfani, wanda ya haɗa zuwa mu'amala mafi yawan karamin shi. Kafin, harshen karamin shi da kowane lokaci da kuma abin da suka haɗa suka saƙo waɗannan transformers su yi aiki a kan mafi yawan karamin shi.

Saboda aiki a kan mafi yawan karamin shi tsakanin lokacin, komoponenti, windings, da kuma oil insulation suna da shiga da kusa. Yawan karamin shi na transformers suna da damar lokaci da kuma lokaci—wato a wurare da kuma lokutan da ake yi aikin, inda transformers sun yi aiki a kan karamin shi ko kuma mafi yawan karamin shi, kuma a ranar daɗi sun yi aiki a kan karamin shi mai kadan. Wannan ya haɗa zuwa yawan karamin shi mai yawa, da hukumar jiki suka haɗe zuwa 80 °C a lokacin da suka haɗa, kuma suka ci zuwa 10 °C a lokacin da suka ci.

Dakunan, bayanin da ake yi a kan transformers a wurare sun nuna cewa kowace transformer ya samun mafi yawan ruwan kuɗi 100 grams a karni. Ruwan kuɗi na ja a kan breathing action da ke faruwa a kan thermal expansion da contraction, kuma ya ci a kan oil. Da kuma karamin shi mai kadan ya haɗa zuwa surface na oil, wanda ya haɗa zuwa yawan contact daga insulating oil zuwa air, wanda ya zama zuwa yawan absorption da ruwan kuɗi. Wannan ya haɗa zuwa nasara da insulation strength ta karamin shi, kuma idan insulation ya ci zuwa limit mai kadan, breakdown da kuma faults mai short-circuit za suka faruwa a kan cikin.

2. Samun Oil Mai Ba Tausayi a Kan H59 Distribution Transformers

Electrician ya sami oil a kan H59 distribution transformer a lokacin da ya kasance. Bayan shekaru ɗaya, high-voltage drop-out fuse ya ci a biyu phases, da kuma samun oil mai kadan. Bayanin da ake yi a kan ground ya nuna cewa an buƙata aiki mai yawa. Sabbin sababon da suka haɗa zuwa burnout na transformer sun hada da:

• Oil da aka sami ya bangare da oil da ke cikin tank. Transformer oils suna da base formulations daban-daban, kuma sanin da suka haɗa zuwa mixing types daban-daban.

• An sami oil bana da de-energizing transformer. Mixing hot da cold oil ya haɗa zuwa circulation a kan cikin, wanda ya haɗa zuwa moisture da ke cikin karni kuma ya ci a kan high- da low-voltage windings, wanda ya haɗa zuwa breakdown.

• Transformer oil mai substandard ne an yi amfani da shi.

3. Reactive Power Compensation Mai Ba Tausayi Ya Haɗa Zuwa Overvoltage Mai Resonance

Don hakaɗa line losses da kuma inganta amfani da zarurun devices, regulations sun tambayi a yi reactive power compensation devices a kan H59 distribution transformers da suka fi 100 kVA. Amma, idan compensation ya faruwa mai ba tausayi—wanda total capacitive reactance ya bangare da total inductive reactance a kan circuit—ferroresonance zai faruwa a kan line da kuma connected equipment, wanda zai haɗa zuwa overvoltage da overcurrent da za su haɗa zuwa burnout na H59 transformer da kuma wasu electrical devices.

4. System Ferroresonance Overvoltage

A kan 10 kV distribution networks, lines suna da damar length, ground clearance, da kuma size da conductor. Saboda haka, da kuma frequent switching a kan H59 transformers, welding machines, capacitors, da kuma large loads, system parameters suna canza sosai. Da kuma single-phase grounding mai intermittent a kan 10 kV ungrounded neutral system zai haɗa zuwa resonant overvoltage. Idan wannan zai faruwa, cases mai kadan zai haɗa zuwa blown high-voltage fuses; cases mai yawa zai haɗa zuwa transformer burnout, kuma a kowane lokacin, bushing flashover ko kuma explosion.

5. Lightning Overvoltage

H59 distribution transformers suna da muhimmanci a yi amfani da qualified surge arresters a kan both high- da low-voltage sides don haɗa zuwa damage daga lightning da kuma ferroresonant overvoltages zuwa windings da kuma bushings. Common causes of overvoltage-related damage include:

• Improper installation ko kuma testing of arresters. Typically, three arresters share a single grounding point. Over time, corrosion from weather exposure ko kuma poor maintenance can break or degrade this ground connection. During lightning ko kuma resonant overvoltage events, inadequate grounding prevents effective discharge to earth, leading to transformer breakdown.

• Overreliance on insurance coverage. Many users assume that since the transformer is insured, arrester installation and testing are unnecessary—believing insurers will cover failures. This mindset has contributed significantly to widespread transformer damage over the years.

• Emphasis only on high-voltage side arresters while neglecting the low-voltage side. Without low-voltage arresters, a lightning strike on the LV side can induce inverse voltage surges that stress the HV winding and potentially damage the LV winding as well.

6. Secondary Short Circuit

Idan secondary short circuit zai faruwa, short-circuit currents several to dozens of times the rated current flow on the secondary side. A correspondingly large current also flows on the primary side to counteract the demagnetizing effect of the secondary fault current. Such massive currents:

• Generate enormous mechanical stress within windings, compressing coils, loosening main and interlayer insulation, and causing deformation;

• Yadda yake kisa mai karfi a tsohon hanyar da na biyu. Idan fayafayin ya kunshi ko an tabbatar da aluminum/kuɗi, za a iya kusa haka tsawon da na biyu.

7. Inganci a Tashin Yadda Karfin Tsawo

• Tashin yadda karfin tsawo na goma sha'awa da inganci a zabe, kyauka mai karfi ba tare da shi, ko ido a tushen da ake daidai a bayyana da a cikin tashin yadda karfin tsawo, zan iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

• Inganci a matsayin mutum: Wasu mafi girma suna fi sani game da tarihin tashin yadda karfin tsawo ta hanyar da ba ake da shi. Ba a nan, tashin yadda karfin tsawo suka iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

8. Hanya a Tashin Yadda Karfin Tsawo
Wasu masu tsawon da na biyu da sauran da ke da sauran da 50 kVA zuwa tafkin, ana da su tashin yadda karfin tsawo a cikin tashin maganganin ruwa. Tashin yadda karfin tsawo na da kyauka mai karfi da ake amfani da shi, kuma ana fito a cikin tashin kyauka mai karfi. A nan, tashin yadda karfin tsawo na da kyauka mai karfi da ake amfani da shi, kuma ana fito a cikin tashin kyauka mai karfi.

A lokacin da ake yi amfani da shi, ya kamata a duba tashin yadda karfin tsawo kuma a fito tashin yadda karfin tsawo da ake amfani da shi. Idan bai, wannan za a iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

9. Masu Amfani Da Su Duk Wata
Wasu masu amfani da su da suka samu hanyar da na biyu na H59:

• A lokacin da ake yi amfani da shi, idan ake daɗe ko ake koyar da takardun tashin yadda karfin tsawo, zan iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

• Idan ake dogara kayan aiki ko abubuwa a lokacin da ake yi aiki a cikin tashin yadda karfin tsawo, zan iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

• Ba a nan, a lokacin da ake yi amfani da shi, idan ake daɗe ko ake koyar da takardun tashin yadda karfin tsawo, zan iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.

• Masu amfani da su da suka samu hanyar da na biyu na H59, a lokacin da ake yi amfani da shi, idan ake daɗe ko ake koyar da takardun tashin yadda karfin tsawo, zan iya kusa hasken karamin rukuni daga tashin yadda karfin tsawo, kuma yadda ake daidai a bayyana, zan iya kusa haƙa da jama'a, kusan ƙarami, da kusa haka tsawon da na biyu ko duk wata.