Maidugwari na Tushen Kasa

Takaitaccen Electrical Source

Source ita ce mai yadda ya kawo zafi, kimiyya, wasan jiki, ko wasu irin zafi da suka fitarwa a kan zafi masu shirya. A cikin abubuwan da suka taka mu'amala, ana amfani da shi don gina zafi masu shirya.

A cikin jeronta zafi, mafi girman irin source su ne voltage sources da current sources:

• Voltage source na da electromotive force (emf) a matsayin forcing function ta.

• Current source na da current forcing function a matsayin forcing function ta.

Current sources da voltage sources suna kategorizawa a kan ideal sources da practical sources.

Voltage Source

Voltage source ita ce haihuwar device da biyu da ke dogara tsari mai zurfi, ba tabbas ba idan an kula shi da current. Wannan ita ce Ideal Voltage Source, wanda yake da internal resistance mai hagu.

A halin rayuwa, ideal voltage sources ba su duka. Sources da suke da internal resistance mutane suke nufin Practical Voltage Sources. Wannan internal resistance yana haifar da drop baki daya, wadanda ke ci tsarin terminal. Idan internal resistance (r) na voltage source yana fiye, akwai nasara a yi rayuwa a matsayin ideal source.

Symbolic representations na ideal da practical voltage sources sun hada:

Figure A da aka bayyana a nan yana nuna diagram na circuit da characteristics na ideal voltage source:

Figure B da aka bayyana a nan yana nuna diagram na circuit da characteristics na Practical Voltage Source:

Misalai na Voltage Sources

Misalai na voltage sources sun hada batteries da alternators.

Current Source

Current sources suna kategorizawa a kan ideal da practical types.

Ideal Current Source

Ideal current source ita ce haihuwar circuit element da biyu da ke bayyana current mai zurfi zuwa load resistance da aka kula shi a kan terminals ta. Ana sanya, current da aka bayyana ba za su iya canzawa da voltage a kan source terminals, kuma yana da internal resistance mai lama.

Practical Current Source

Practical current source ita ce model da ideal current source a parallel da resistance. Wannan parallel resistance yana bayyana real-world limitations, kamar leakage da internal losses. Symbolic representations sun hada:

Figure C da aka bayyana a nan, yana nuna characteristics ta.

Figure D da aka bayyana a nan yana nuna characteristics na Practical Current Source.

Misalai na current sources sun hada photoelectric cells, collector currents of transistors.