Tsari: Zabi na alternating quantity yana nuna muhimmanci da dalilin da aka fi sani game da zai. A cikin abubuwan kimiyya ko fanni masu tsarin alternating, idan an samun biyuwa da suka shafi daga baka-baka ne, amma suna fi girgiza a lokacin tsohon bayan-bayan (peaks) da kuma tsofaffen bayan-bayan (troughs) a wata lokaci, wannan biyuwa za a ce ta shafi da in phase. Wannan shiga yana nuna hanyoyi mai kyau, inda kurwace biyuwar suke yi a gida ba tare da duk fuskantar da suke yi.

Nemo biyuwar alternating currents, Im1 da Im2, wadanda ake nuna a nan. Waɗannan biyuwar kimiyya suna haɗa zuwa tsohon bayan-bayan da kuma tsofaffen bayan-bayan a wata lokaci, kuma suna gudne a matsayin zero - value threshold a wata lokaci.

Faraskin Tsari
Tsari: Faraskin tsari waɗanda ake nufin da ita ce faraskin kimiyya biyu da suka shafi daga baka-baka ne, yana nuna farkon darasi a kan tsohon bayan-bayan biyuwar alternating da suka shafi daga baka-baka ne.
Amsa, biyuwar alternating suka shafi da faraskin tsari, idan, har da suka shafi daga baka-baka ne, suna gudne a matsayin zero - crossing points a lokutan daban-daban. Farkon darasi a kan lokutan da suka gudne a matsayin zero - value instants waɗannan biyuwar alternating yana nuna angle of phase difference.
Misa lafiya, biyuwar alternating currents da suke shafi Im1 da Im2, wadanda ake nuna a form na vector. Duka waɗannan vectors suna ciwo a matsayin angular velocity ω radians per second. Saboda waɗannan biyuwar currents suna gudne a matsayin zero - value mark a lokutan daban-daban, ana ce suke shafi da faraskin tsari da ke nuna angle φ.

Kimiyyar da ya haɗa zuwa tsohon bayan-bayansa a matsayin lokuta da ya danganta, ana ce leading quantity. Amma, kimiyyar da ya haɗa zuwa tsohon bayan-bayansa a lokutan da ya gama, ana ce lagging quantity. A nan, current Im1 ya shiga current Im2; kuma, current Im2 ya gama current Im1.
Cycle: Kimiyyar alternating za a ce ta samu cycle mai sauƙi idan ya ciwo a kan duka cikin sequence na positive da negative values ko kuma 360 electrical degrees.