Taswirar Ayyuka na Tashin Maimaita: Bincike Tsari da Karkashin Ayyukan Da Ita

1. Zabubuwa na Ayyuka Dukkar
Ayyukan dukkar da suka fi sani a tushen kiyaye mikrokompyuta sun hada da: mikrokompyuta tester ta rikicin rikicin rikicin, maimaitar tsari goma sha'awa, da kuma amfani.

• Don zabubuwa na ayyukan dukkar kiyaye mikrokompyuta masu karami, ana kiran a yi amfani da mikrokompyuta tester ta rikicin rikicin rikicin wanda yana iya fitowa tsari goma sha'awa da tsari goma sha'awa, da kuma takaice don ayyukan digijitali.

• Don zabubuwa na ayyukan dukkar kiyaye mikrokompyuta masu kadan, idan alama na sampulin tsari yana bazu a kan ayyukan dukkar ta hanyar transformer (CT), zai iya amfani da mikrokompyuta tester ta rikicin rikicin rikicin. Amma idan alama na sampulin tsari yana bazu a kan ayyukan dukkar ta hanyar sensor mai sauƙi, zai iya amfani da maimaitar tsari goma sha'awa don fitowa tsari na zabubuwa a tsakiyar.

2. Ingantaccen Koyarwa A Cikin Zabubuwa

• Ayyukan zabubuwa da kuma ciwarin dukkara zai buƙata a cikin ƙarfin zuwa hankali don hana ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta da tester ta shaɗe ƙarfin zuwa hankalin da take.

• Ba a tabbatar da ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta ya shiga karamin kasa ko a cikin zabubuwa, ba a tabbatar da a faru ko a daga ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta, ko a fuskantar ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta. Idan an buƙata a faru ayyukan dukkar ta, zai buƙata a rage karamin kasa, a rage karamin kasa na zabubuwa, da kuma mutane suka rage karamin kasa na jiki ko a amfani da ƙarfin zuwa hankalin da take.

• A cikin zabubuwa, ba a tabbatar da a rage karamin kasa na kadan zuwa ayyukan dukkar ta kadan ko ayyukan dukkar ta sarauta a lokacin da a faru ayyukan zabubuwa.

• Zai buƙata a zaba ayyukan zabubuwa daidai. Ayyukan tsari da tsari na zabubuwa suka buƙata a rage a tsakiyar instrument transformers, bai a rage a tsakiyar ayyukan dukkar ta. Wannan zai taimaka wajen nuna tasirin samun bayanai da kuma taimaka wajen nuna dabamintacin zabubuwa.

3. Tashin Yadda Ake Zabubuwa

• Amsa karin ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta ko kungiyar zabubuwa. Duba damarwa a bangaren ayyukan dukkar ta, namijin ayyukan dukkar ta, ayyukan dukkar ta mai sauransu, da kuma tsari goma sha'awa da tsari goma sha'awa na system.

• Amsa karin ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta tester da kuma sanin a yi aiki a cikin zabubuwa. Ba a tabbatar da a yi aiki da kawuwa, wanda zai iya rage karamin kasa ko tsari goma sha'awa masu karami, wanda zai iya haifar da ayyukan dukkar ta.

• Ƙara duk ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin dukkara don hana ayyukan dukkar ta.

• Kula a cikin menu na ayyukan dukkar don kula ayyukan dukkar. Fahimtar ma'anarta a cikin kila ayyukan dukkar, kula da kula ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin kungiyar don ina duba a nan.

4. Kirkiro Tsarin Kirkiro

• Fitowa tsari na zabubuwa a tsakiyar CT a cikin dukkara ta hanyar diagram. Kula da kula ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin kungiyar. Kirkiro tsari na zabubuwa zai iya a yi a cikin terminal blocks, amma haske a tabbatar da tsari ba a yi nasara a tsakiyar.

• Sauƙi tsari goma sha'awa da tsari goma sha'awa a cikin tester. Ba a rage karamin kasa, kula da kula ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin LCD na ayyukan dukkar ta da kuma ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin tester. Takwasu a bayan da abu biyu zai buƙata kadan ±5%. Kula da kula ayyukan dukkar ta a tsohu (0%, 50%, 100%) da kuma a tsohu (100%, 50%, 0%). Ayyukan dukkar ta a tsohu da a tsohu ba zai buƙata takwasu. Amfani da format na ayyukan dukkar ta a cikin kula da kula ayyukan dukkar ta.

5. Kirkiro Digijital Input/Output (DI/DO)

Kirkiro digijital input/output zai iya a yi a cikin kirkiro ayyukan dukkar.

5.1. Kirkiro Digijital Input (DI)

• Digijital input na ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta suna da nau'ukan. Da kuma digijital input na ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta suna da nau'ukan. Da kuma digijital input na ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta suna da nau'ukan. Idan ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayyukan dukkar ta ayy......

• DI checks must be performed one by one according to the drawings. Operate associated equipment to change contact states. The displayed status on the LCD or cabinet indicator lights should change accordingly. To ensure reliable operation, each digital input should be tested at least three times.

• Never simulate contact closure directly at the backplane terminals of the protection device. Only when the system fails to display or incorrectly displays equipment status should terminal simulation be used to determine whether the fault lies in the protection device, wiring, or equipment.

5.2. Kirkiro Digijital Output (DO)

DO contacts are also divided into hard and soft types. Hard DO status can be measured with a multimeter. Soft DO status changes must be judged based on logical behavior.

5.3. Kirkiro Digijital Signal

• Alarm Signal Contact Check: Simulate corresponding faults according to logic. If an alarm is expected but not displayed or incorrect, the device is faulty. For example, simulating a PT fuse failure should result in "PT fuse failure alarm" on the LCD, illumination of the "Alarm" LED, and activation of the "Signal Relay." Alarm signal contacts are momentary.

• Trip Signal Contact Check: Trip signal contacts are soft contacts. After a protection trip action, the LCD should display "xx protection trip," the CPU should illuminate the "Trip" LED, and activate the corresponding "Trip Signal Relay." The trip LED and central signal contacts are latching (maintained).

• Trip Output Contact Check: Trip output contacts are hard contacts. After a trip action, the protection device activates the trip output relay, closing the trip output contact. These contacts are latching (maintained).

6. Kirkiro Ayyukan Dukkar
Kirkiro ayyukan dukkar ta mikrokompyuta ita ce mafi muhimmanci a cikin zabubuwa, wanda yana nuna ayyukan dukkar da karamin kasa, tsari goma sha'awa, da kuma nasarar aiki.
Kirkiro Ayyukan Dukkar Da Karamin Kasa

• Approach Method: Disable other protection functions to prevent false tripping. Set the time delay to 0s. Use the tester to approach the set trip value in 0.1A steps until the device issues a trip command. Record the actual operating value, which should be within ±5% of the set value. Then set the time delay to the specified value and apply the recorded actual operating value. The measured trip time should also be within ±5% of the set time.

• Fixed-Value Method: Disable other protections. Apply 0.95×, 1.05×, and 1.2× the set trip value. Protection should not operate at 0.95×, must operate at 1.05×, and trip time should be tested at 1.2×. The measured time should be within ±5% of the set time.

6.2. Kirkiro Ayyukan Dukkar Da Karamin Kasa
Disable other protections. Apply a test value corresponding to a point on the inverse-time curve. Measure the protection operation time and compare it with the theoretical time calculated from the formula. The error should be within ±5%. It is recommended to test at five different points.

Post-Test Verification

• Verify Setting Values: Due to frequent enabling/disabling during testing, confusion may occur. After completing all tests, two personnel should jointly verify all settings.

• Restore Removed Wiring: Restore all disconnected wires according to drawings or markings, ensuring correct reconnection. When restoring current circuits, avoid reversing CT polarity or connecting protection wires to measurement circuits.

• Check Terminal Block Links: Reconnect any opened links on terminal blocks and have them inspected by a designated person. Even if connected, tighten with a screwdriver to prevent loose connections.

• Tighten All Core Wire Terminals: To prevent loosening during testing, all wire terminals must be re-tightened after testing to ensure secure crimping.