Solusyon sa Mabilis na Pag-aasikaso ng Sakit ng Lightning Arrester sa Lugar

2yrs + staff 1000+m² US$300,000,000+ China

I. Layunin ng Pagtatapon
Kapag natukoy ang pagkakamali sa lightning arrester, isagawa ang mabilis, ligtas, at epektibong pagtatapon sa lugar upang i-isolate ang masisirang kagamitan. Minimize ang mga banta sa operasyon ng grid, kaligtasan ng kagamitan, gusali, at personal. Gumawa ng kondisyon para sa sumusunod na detalyadong pag-aayos o pagpapalit.

II. Mga Prinsipyong Paggamot

Kaligtasan Una: Palaging iguing prayoridad ang personal na kaligtasan; sumunod nang mahigpit sa mga regulasyon ng electrical safety.
Mabilis na Tugon: I-simula agad ang proseso ng pagtatapon kapag natukoy ang indikasyon ng pagkakamali o kung natutukoy ang pagkakamali.
Tumpak na Pagtukoy: Mabilis na tukuyin ang uri ng pagkakamali upang magbigay ng basehan para sa direksyonal na pagtatapon.
Epektibong Paghihiwalay: Siguraduhing maalis ang masisirang arrester mula sa operating system.
Pag-iwas sa Sekondaryong Sakuna: Gumawa ng mga hakbang sa panahon ng pagtatapon upang maiwasan ang mga panganib tulad ng electrocution, sunog, at paglaki ng pinsala sa kagamitan.

III. Proseso ng Mabilis na Pagtukoy sa Pagkakamali (Pangunahing On-Site)

Safety Perimeter: Itayo ang mga safety barriers o warning signs upang i-restrict ang access ng hindi awtorisadong personal. Obserbahan ang lugar para sa malinaw na abnormalidad (halimbawa, hindi normal na tunog, amoy, arcing, leakage ng insulating gas, splatter ng contaminant).
Visual Inspection: (Mula sa ligtas na distansya o pagkatapos makumpirma ang isolation ng kagamitan)

Structure: Suriin ang housing/sheds para sa cracks, breakage, scorch marks, matinding kontaminasyon, o pag-ice.
Mechanical Components: Suriin ang mounting bolts, brackets para sa looseness, detachment, o corrosion; suriin ang grading rings para sa deformation, displacement, o damage.
Leads/Connections: Suriin ang leads (primary connections) para sa broken strands, burn marks, excessive slack or tension; suriin ang connection terminals, clamps para sa overheating (discoloration), melting, looseness, o corrosion.
Pressure Relief/Action Indicator: Suriin kung ang pressure relief device ng arrester body o base ay nag-operate (halimbawa, binuksan ang vent); obserbahan ang counter o action indicator status (halimbawa, kung ang indicator flag ay lumabas).
Discharge Marks: Suriin ang lupa sa ilalim ng arrester o paligid ng kagamitan para sa metallic dust o foreign objects dahil sa discharge.

Condition Inference: (I-correlate sa patrol records, online monitoring data tulad ng leakage current, operation counts, etc., kung mayroon) upang tumulong sa paghuhusga ng aging o performance degradation.

IV. Fault-Specific Disposal Measures (Core of On-Site Rapid Disposal)

Uri ng Pagkakamali	Specific Manifestations	Mga Mabilis na Hakbang sa Pagtatapon sa Lugar	Mga Pansin/Pag-iingat
Mekanikal na Pagkakamali	* Maluwag/detached na fasteners * Shattered/cracked na housing * Deformed/displaced na grading rings * Abnormal na pressure relief device	1. Matapos ang De-energization! Kung maluwag, re-tighten gamit ang torque wrench sa specification. 2. Kung seryosong shattering, deformation, pressure relief device operation, o displacement na nagpapahamak: Isolate power at irekomenda ang immediate replacement ng yung phase o lahat ng phases. 3. Linisin ang detached fragments upang maiwasan ang secondary injury o short circuits.	* Minor surface scratches maaaring imonitor; hindi nakakaapekto sa immediate operation safety. * Seryosong mekanikal na pinsala ay irreparable; nangangailangan ng replacement.
Deterioration/Damage Failure	* Heavily contaminated/iced na housing (risk of flashover) * Obvious scorch marks, tracking * Severe acid erosion, chalking, cracking (aging) * Pressure relief operation * Frequent counter operation (possible valve block degradation)	1. Para sa severe contamination/icing: Kung ligtas na posible, subukan ang de-energized cleaning; kundi, humiling ng outage. 2. Para sa scorching, tracking, severe aging, pressure relief operation, signs of valve block degradation: Isolate power immediately (open disconnector or breaker), alisin ang faulty arrester mula sa serbisyo. Irekomenda ang replacement ASAP. 3. I-record ang fault phenomena (photograph).	* Ganitong mga pagkakamali karaniwang nagsasabi ng internal component damage; hindi maaaring maayos sa lugar. * Key target para sa on-site isolation.
Lead/Connection Fault	* Lead strands broken/burned through * Melted/discolored/loose connection terminals/clamps * Lead detached, causing ground short * Lead too close to ground/other parts causing discharge	1. Isolate Power! 2. Inspect short-circuit point, disconnect the faulty connection. 3. Palitan ang burned, broken leads at damaged clamps/terminals. 4. Remake reliable, tight electrical connections (ensure good contact surfaces, proper crimping or bolt torque). 5. Adjust leads upang tiyakin ang sapat na safety clearances (phase-to-phase, phase-to-ground).	* This fault madaling magdulot ng short-circuit trips o kahit na sunog; nangangailangan ng pinakamabilis na isolation. * Must check connection quality post-repair.

V. Emergency Response (Throughout the Process)

Mandatory De-energization: Bago anumang trabaho, ikumpirma ang circuit na nagpapawersa sa arrester ay maalis (open relevant disconnectors/switches), verify de-energization (test for voltage), at i-install temporary grounding leads (o close grounding switches)! Strictly implement the switching operation ticket system.
Personal Protection:

Mag-suot ng buong set ng qualified insulating PPE (insulating gloves, boots, safety glasses, insulating clothing if necessary).
Gamitin ang qualified insulated tools (voltage detector, grounding stick, hot stick, etc.).
Mag-maintain ng ligtas na working distance mula sa live parts at grounded objects (based on voltage level).

Fire Preparedness: Handa ang appropriate fire extinguishers (e.g., dry powder, CO2) sa lugar.
Gas Leakage: Para sa GIS o tank-type arresters, kung suspek na internal fault na nagdudulot ng gas leakage: Agad na i-evacuate ang personnel sa ligtas na lugar at ipaalam sa specialized personnel. Iwasan ang pag-stay sa ilalim ng leak point.
Information Reporting: Agad na i-report ang fault situation, disposal progress, at required support sa superior dispatcher/management department.

VI. Post-Disposal Check & Restoration

Work Completion Confirmation: Clear the work site, remove all temporary safety measures (except isolation devices), account for personnel and tools.
Functional Test: (If restored after lead repair/simple tightening)

Use a qualified insulation resistance tester (megohmmeter) to measure arrester insulation resistance (terminal-to-terminal, terminal-to-ground); check if acceptable.
Check lead connection security and contact integrity.
Confirm grading rings/components are unimpeded.

Energization Trial: (Upon confirmation)

Remove safety isolation measures (e.g., remove grounding leads).
Report to dispatcher and restore power as per instructions.
Closely monitor arrester status post-energization (e.g., temperature rise, sound, online leakage current data).

VII. Key Precautions

No Live Work: All work involving the arrester body must only occur after confirming de-energization and implementing safety measures.
Determine Fault Nature: Clearly determine before, during, and after disposal whether it's an arrester internal fault or damage caused by external factors (e.g., bird streamers, tree contact, foreign object short circuits).
Thorough Documentation: Detail fault phenomena, preliminary judgment, disposal actions, replaced parts, test data, restoration time, personnel involved, etc., to support later analysis (include photos/video).
Replacement Criteria: Arresters with internal damage (pressure relief operation, severe aging, flashover), severe mechanical damage, or valve block failure (e.g., abnormal frequent counter operation + abnormal leakage current) must be replaced entirely as internal repairs are impossible on-site.
Qualified Personnel Only: Disposal work must be performed by qualified, experienced personnel familiar with the equipment.