Kontrola Chopper ta Mota DC mai Tashin Kula

An chopper ita ce zaba da ya kunshi kwallon kokarin jirgin kasa (DC) daban-daban zuwa kwallon DC na yawa. Zabubbukan da suka samu kananan gida, kamar Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), zabubbuwar takarda, Gate-Turn-Off Thyristors (GTOs), da Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristors (IGCTs), suna fi amfani a cikin bayanin an yi choppers. Waɗannan zabubbukan za su iya faɗinsu ko fuskarsu tun tare da shiga na maimaita a kan babban gabashin kontrollo da ba su buƙata wadanda za su yi waɗansu, wanda ya jagoranci hanyarren da suke da muhimmanci a cikin amfani da choppers.

Choppers suna nuna da amfani a matsayin zaman lafiya. Wannan amfani a matsayin zaman lafiya ya bincike tsariyar motoci ta hanyar doyin kwallon jirgin kasa da kwallon ruwa, da kuma sauransu da ba su biyo. Daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi sani a cikin kontrollo na chopper shine allon kuɗi a matsayin zaman lafiya ta hanyar doyin kwallon jirgin kasa, wanda ya haifar da amfani da kuɗi a lokacin da motoci ya kasance da kwallon jirgin kasa na yawa. Wannan alama ta zama mafi muhimmanci idan tattalin tsafta ta kasance da kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na yawa, wanda ya haifar da amfani da kwallon jirgin kasa a lokacin da ake yi kuɗi.

Kontrollo na Motoci

Tambayar da ta nan ta bayyana motoci na jirgin kasa mai sarrafa da chopper na transistor. An yi shiga da transistor Tr a kansu da zaman lafiya T, inda ya kasance a kan gabas na maimaita na zaman Ton. Amsa tambayar na kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci da kuma kwallon takarda na armature suna nuna a cikin tambayar. Idan transistor ya kasance a kan gabas, kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci ya kasance V, da kuma amfani na motoci ya kasance:

A cikin wannan zaman lafiya, kwallon takarda na armature ya ɗauki daga ia1 zuwa ia2. Wannan zamantakewa ce ma ake magana a matsayin zaman lafiya na ɗaukuka, saboda motoci ya kasance a kan gabas na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa a cikin wannan zaman lafiya. An yi amfani da kayan kwallon jirgin kasa don ya haifar da motoci ya yi takarda mai sauƙi da mutum.

Idan t = ton, an fuskarta transistor Tr. Sannan, kwallon takarda na motoci ya faru a kan diode Df. Saboda haka, kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci ya ɗauki zuwa zero a cikin zaman lafiya ton≤t≤T. Wannan zamantakewa ce ma ake magana a matsayin zaman lafiya na freewheeling. A cikin wannan zamantakewa, amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa da inductance na motoci ya faru a kan diode na freewheeling, wanda ya haifar da kwallon takarda ya ci gaba a kan kyakkyawan kasa. Amfani na motoci a cikin wannan zamantakewa zai iya bayyana da magana a kan kayan kwallon jirgin kasa da inductance na motoci.

Kwallon takarda na motoci ya ɗauki daga ia2 zuwa ia1 a cikin wannan zamantakewa. Mafiyan zaman lafiya na ɗaukuka ton zuwa zaman lafiya na chopper T ana magana a matsayin duty cycle.

Kuɗi na Regenerative

Tambayar da ta nan ta bayyana chopper na amfani da kuɗi na regenerative. An yi shiga da transistor Tr a kansu da zaman lafiya T da kuma zaman Ton. Amsa tambayar na kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci va da kuma kwallon takarda na armature ia suna nuna a cikin tambayar. Don samun mafiyan inductance La, ana iya amfani da inductor na waje a cikin kyakkyawan kasa.

Idan transistor Tr ya kasance a kan gabas, kwallon takarda na armature ia ya ɗauki daga ia1 zuwa ia2. Wannan ɗaukin kwallon ya faru saboda amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ta faru a kan inductor da kuma inductance na motoci, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kuɗi na regenerative.

A lokacin da motoci ya kasance a kan kuɗi na regenerative, ya kasance a kan generator, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa. Babbu ban da wannan amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya haifar da amfani na inductance na kyakkyawan kasa. Duk da haka, amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya faru a kan armature windings da kuma transistors, saboda resistance na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa a cikin waɗannan zabubbukan.

Idan an fuskarta transistor, kwallon takarda na armature ya faru a kan diode D da kuma kayan kwallon jirgin kasa V, inda ya ɗauki daga ia2 zuwa ia1. A cikin wannan yanayin, amfani na electromagnetic energy na kyakkyawan kasa da kuma amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci ya faru a kan kayan kwallon jirgin kasa. Zaman lafiya daga 0 zuwa ton ana magana a matsayin zaman lafiya na storage, inda amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya faru. Kafin, zaman lafiya daga ton zuwa T ana magana a matsayin zaman lafiya na ɗaukuka, inda amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya faru.

Kontrollo na Amfani da Kuɗi

A lokacin da amfani, an yi kontrollo da transistor Tr1 don ya haifar da kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci, wanda ya haifar da motoci ya yi takarda mai sauƙi. Kafin, a lokacin da kuɗi, transistor Tr2 ya haifar da kontrollo. Yanayin da an yi kontrollo daga Tr1 zuwa Tr2 ya haifar da amfani na tsafta ya ɗauki zuwa kuɗi, kuma yanayin da an yi kontrollo daga Tr2 zuwa Tr1 ya haifar da amfani na tsafta ya ɗauki zuwa amfani. Wannan yanayin da an yi kontrollo ya haifar da amfani na tsafta na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ta yi da damar da gaskiya a cikin waɗannan amfani.

Kontrollo na Dynamic

Kyakkyawan kasa na dynamic braking, da kuma amsa tambayar, ana nuna a cikin tambayar. A cikin zaman lafiya daga 0 zuwa Ton, kwallon takarda na armature ia ya ɗauki daga ia1 zuwa ia2. A cikin wannan zamantakewa, babbu ban da amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya faru a kan inductance, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa. Duk da haka, amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa ya faru a kan resistance na armature Ra da kuma transistor TR, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa a cikin waɗannan zabubbukan.

A cikin zaman lafiya Ton ≤ t ≤ T, kwallon takarda na armature ia ya ɗauki daga ia2 zuwa ia1. A cikin wannan zamantakewa, amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na motoci da kuma amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na inductances ya faru a kan braking resistance RB, resistance na armature Ra, da kuma diode D. Transistor Tr ya haifar da kontrollo na amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na RB. Tun da an yi kontrollo da transistor Tr, za su iya samun amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa na RB, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kuɗi da kuma amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa. Wannan yanayin da an yi kontrollo ya haifar da amfani na dynamic braking, wanda ya haifar da amfani na kayan kwallon jirgin kasa da kuma amfani na tsafta.