ਕਈ ਸ਼ੰਟ ਰੀਐਕਟਰ ਟੈਸਟ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਗਾਈਡ
Shunt reactor ek aisa device hai jo power system se reactive power ko absorb karta hai aur voltage level ko regulate karne mein madad deta hai. Shunt reactors aam tor par high-voltage transmission lines aur substations mein use hote hain taki long cables aur overhead lines ke capacitive effect ko compensate kiya ja sake. Shunt reactors fixed ya variable ho sakte hain, iska anusaar voltage regulation ke liye kitna degree chahiye hota hai.
Shunt reactors, specially long-distance transmission aur renewable energy integration ke liye, power systems ke stability aur efficiency ka nigarani karte hain. Isliye, unke performance aur reliability ka maanlochan karne ke liye regular testing zaroori hai. Shunt reactors ka testing various electrical parameters, jaise resistance, reactance, losses, insulation, dielectric strength, temperature rise, aur acoustic noise level, ka measurement include karta hai. Shunt reactors ka testing bhi unke operation ya safety ko prabhavit karne wale kisi bhi defect ya fault ko detect karne mein madad deta hai.
Shunt reactors ka testing ke liye alag-alag standards aur procedures hote hain, jo device ke type, rating, application, aur manufacturer par depend karte hain. Phir bhi, ek sabse widely used standard IS 5553 hai, jo extra-high-voltage (EHV) ya ultra-high-voltage (UHV) shunt reactors par perform hone wale tests ko specify karta hai. Is standard ke according, tests teen groups mein categorize kiye ja sakte hain:
Type tests
Routine tests
Special tests
Is article mein, hum inmein se har ek test ko detail mein explain karenge aur unhe effectively conduct karne ke liye kuch tips aur best practices provide karenge.
Shunt Reactor da Type Tests
Shunt reactor pe type tests unke design aur construction features ko verify karne ke liye aur specified requirements ke saath compliance demonstrate karne ke liye perform kiye jaate hain. Type tests aam tor par har ek type ya model ke shunt reactor ke liye sirf ek baar service mein lagane se pehle kiye jaate hain. Niche diye gaye tests essentially shunt reactor pe type tests ke roop mein perform kiye jaate hain:
Winding Resistance ka Measurement
Is test mein shunt reactor ke har winding ka resistance ek low-voltage direct current (DC) source aur ohmmeter ka use karke measure kiya jata hai. Test ambient temperature par aur all external connections ko disconnect karke kiya jata hai. Is test ka objective windings ke continuity aur integrity ko check karna hai aur copper losses calculate karne ke liye.
Measured resistance values ko temperature correction ke liye following formula ka use karke correct kiya jana chahiye:
jahaan Rt temperature t (°C) par resistance, R20 20°C par resistance, aur α resistance ka temperature coefficient (copper ke liye 0.004) hai.
Corrected resistance values ko manufacturer’s data ya previous test results ke saath compare kiya jana chahiye kisi abnormality ya deviation ko detect karne ke liye.
Insulation Resistance ka Measurement
Is test mein shunt reactor ke windings ke beech aur windings aur earthed parts ke beech insulation ka resistance ek high-voltage DC source (usually 500 V or 1000 V) aur megohmmeter ka use karke measure kiya jata hai. Test ambient temperature par aur all external connections ko disconnect karke kiya jata hai. Is test ka objective insulation ka quality aur condition ko check karna hai aur moisture, dirt, ya damage detect karne ka hai.
Measured insulation resistance values ko temperature correction ke liye following formula ka use karke correct kiya jana chahiye:
jahaan Rt temperature t (°C) par insulation resistance, R20 20°C par insulation resistance, aur k constant hai jo insulation ke type par depend karta hai (usually between 1 and 2).
Corrected insulation resistance values ko manufacturer’s data ya previous test results ke saath compare kiya jana chahiye kisi abnormality ya deviation ko detect karne ke liye.
Reactance ka Measurement
Is test mein shunt reactor ke har winding ka reactance ek low-voltage alternating current (AC) source (usually 10% rated voltage) aur wattmeter ya power analyzer ka use karke measure kiya jata hai. Test ambient temperature par aur all external connections ko disconnect karke kiya jata hai. Is test ka objective windings ke inductance aur impedance ko check karna hai aur reactive power consumption calculate karne ka hai.
Measured reactance values ko voltage correction ke liye following formula ka use karke correct kiya jana chahiye:
jahaan Xt voltage Vt par reactance, aur X10 10% rated voltage (V10) par reactance hai.
Corrected reactance values ko manufacturer’s data ya previous test results ke saath compare kiya jana chahiye kisi abnormality ya deviation ko detect karne ke liye.
Losses ka Measurement
Is test mein shunt reactor ke har winding ka losses ek low-voltage AC source (usually 10% rated voltage) aur wattmeter ya power analyzer ka use karke measure kiya jata hai. Test ambient temperature par aur all external connections ko disconnect karke kiya jata hai. Is test ka objective windings ke efficiency aur power factor ko check karna hai aur total losses calculate karne ka hai.
Measured losses consist of two components:
Copper losses: Ye windings mein Joule heating effect ke karan hote hain aur rated current ka square multiply karke measured winding resistance se calculate kiye ja sakte hain.
Iron losses: Ye core mein hysteresis aur eddy currents ke karan hote hain aur copper losses ko total losses se subtract karke calculate kiye ja sakte hain.
Measured loss values ko voltage correction ke liye following formula ka use karke correct kiya jana chahiye:
jahaan Pt voltage Vt par loss, aur P10 10% rated voltage (V10) par loss hai.
Corrected loss values ko manufacturer’s data ya previous test results ke saath compare kiya jana chahiye kisi abnormality ya deviation ko detect karne ke liye.
Dielectric Withstand Tests
