Daga RMUs Take Farko? An Kudanci Tsirrai da Gas Leak

1. Bincike

Ring main units (RMUs) sunan abin da ake magance a cikin kofin mafi yamma ko kofin mafi yawan mutuwa. Saboda hanyar cin, tsarin yawan, kyakkyawar kyaututtuka, kyakkyawa, karfi ga jirgin ruwa, da kuma kyakkyawar tashin [1], RMUs suna amfani da su a matsayin yanayi na inganci da kuma yanayi na gaba-gaba a cikin jerin sauran ta hanyar kula na Najeriya [2], musamman a cikin yanayi na gaba-gaba da 10 kV. Da samun tasiri na tattalin arziki da kuma tasiri na tattalin kula, abubuwan da aka bukata game da kyakkyawar da kuma zama da tushen kula suna fi shahara [3]. Saboda haka, fanni na kayan aiki da RMU ya shafi. Amma, abubuwan da dama da kula da kuma gas leakage suna cikin manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa a matsayin abubuwan da ke faruwa.

2. Tsari na Ring Main Units

RMU na iya magance muhimman abubuwa—load switches, circuit breakers, fuses, disconnectors, earthing switches, main busbars, da branch busbars—a cikin kofin gas stainless steel da ake sanya da SF₆ gas a wata ciyar da za a tabbatar da kyakkyawar tashin a cikin. Kofin gas SF₆ suna da kofin stainless steel, cable feed-through bushings, side cones, viewing windows, pressure relief devices (bursting discs), gas charging valves, pressure gauge ports, da operating mechanism shafts. Waɗannan abubuwa suna haɗa a cikin kofin da ake sanya da wadanda suka yi aiki da kuma sanya da gaskets.

RMUs suna faɗinsu da wasu hanyoyi:

• Daga insulating medium: Vacuum RMUs (da ake amfani da vacuum interrupters) da SF₆ RMUs (da ake amfani da sulfur hexafluoride).

• Daga load switch type: Gas-generating RMUs (da ake amfani da solid arc-extinguishing materials) da puffer-type RMUs (da ake amfani da compressed air for arc quenching).

• Daga structural design: Common-tank RMUs (duka abubuwa a cikin kofin) da unit-type RMUs (wani abubuwa a cikin kofin) [4].

3. Mota Na Farkon Abubuwan Da Ke Faruwa a Cikin RMUs

A cikin lokacin da RMUs ke yi aiki a baya, ba za a iya yanke da abubuwan da ke faruwa saboda wasu abubuwan. Mota na da su ita ce kula da kuma gas leakage.

3.1 Kula a Cikin RMUs

Idan kula yana faruwa a cikin RMU, yana faruwar ruwa da yake jagoranci cables. Wannan yana baga kyakkyawar kyaututtuka, yana zama da kula da kuma yana iya ba da partial discharge. Idan ba a yi aiki kan bayan wannan, lokacin da ake yi aiki a baya tare da wannan alamai, yana iya ba da explosions—or even catastrophic RMU failure [5]. Kuma, saboda duk abubuwan da RMU suka magance a cikin kofin mafi yawa, kula yana baga rusting of operating mechanisms da kuma cabinet components, wanda yana ci nasararsa na kayan aiki.

3.2 Gas Leakage a Cikin RMUs

Bayanan a cikin gwamnati da kuma bayanan a cikin makaranta sun nuna cewa gas leakage daga kofin gas na RMU shi ne abubuwan da ke faruwa da kuma abubuwan da ke mara. Idan leakage yana faruwa, kyakkyawar tashin a cikin yana rage. Amsa aiki masu shiga da kula yana iya ba da transient overvoltages wanda suka fi karamin dielectric strength, wanda yana iya ba da insulation breakdown, phase-to-phase short circuits, da kuma yana iya ba da bahausa a cikin tushen kula na gwamnati.

4. Sababbin Gas Leakage a Cikin RMUs

Gas leakage yana faruwa a cikin welded joints, dynamic seals, da static seals. Welding leaks suna faruwa a cikin panel overlap joints, corners, da kuma idan ake sanya da external metal components (e.g., bushings, shafts) a cikin kofin mafi yawa. Incomplete penetration, micro-cracks, ko poor weld quality a cikin manufacturing zai iya ba da tiny leakage paths. Dynamic seals—such as those around operating shafts—are prone to wear over time, while static seals (e.g., gaskets between flanges) may degrade due to aging, improper compression, or temperature cycling, leading to gradual gas loss.