Misali na gari na tashin karamin kashi?

Mi ne suka na takaici a transformar?

Ta harsuna na takaici a transformar

Takaici a transformar yana nufin abubuwa kamar gajerar jirgin halitta da takaicin yanayi wanda zai iya faru a cikin ko har canza transformar.

Takaici na musamman a transformar mai sanyi

Shiga kadan a transformar mai sanyi

Shiga kadan zai iya faru a biyar ko tudu masana'antar sayansu. Alama mai shiga kadan yana da dukkan lokaci, mafi girma da ke da alama mai shiga kadan da kuma rikita ga masana'antar a kan abin da aka shiga. Wannan alama mai shiga kadan yana saukar karshen halitta, wanda yake sauyi hoton cikin transformar. Yana ba da karfi mai zurfi, musamman a tsawo na farko na alama mai shiga kadan.

Kashe kadan mai yawa a transformar mai sanyi

Kashe kadan mai yawa a transformar mai sanyi yana da bata biyu,

• Surji mai yawa mai tsabta

• Kashe kadan mai yawa na tsohon lalace

Surji Mai Yawa Mai Tsabta

Kashe kadan mai yawa da tsabta zai iya faru a masana'antar sayansu saboda wani abu daga:

• Shiga kadan idan wurin mutanen da kaɗe ya fi cutar

• Amfani da sakamakon masana'antar sayansu

• Sauyi mai tsabta na rayuwar da ya faru

Idan surji mai yawa yana faru, yana ba da alama mai yawa da tsabta da kuma tsari mai yawa. Wannan alama yana jagoranci masana'antar sayansu, idan ya samu transformar, yana ba da gajerar jirgin halitta bayan tasiri, wanda zai iya faɗa shiga kadan bayan tasiri.

Kashe Kadan Mai Yawa Na Tsohon Lalace

Yana da kyau cewa kashe kadan mai yawa zai faru saboda cutar fadada muhimmiyar adadin sayansu. Idan amfani mai yawa yana da dukan lokaci, amma lalacen yana da take da tsohon lalace. Kashe kadan mai yawa yana saukar karshen halitta a transformar. Duk da cewa, voltage, amfani mai yawa yana saukar karshen flux mai yi aiki.

Wannan na saukar karshen halitta mai hanu da kuma karshen flux mai yi aiki. Amfani mai yawa yana ba da karshen flux mai yi aiki zuwa abubuwan sayansu masu halitta a transformar. Boltofan core, wadanda adakale suna da karshen flux, zai iya samun karshen flux mai yi aiki zuwa abubuwan sayansu masu halitta a cikin core. A matsayin hakan, bolto zai iya sauƙaƙa da kuma gajerar jirgin halitta a cikin winding.

Tsarin Lallace Mai Yawa A Transformar

Duk da cewa, voltage, adadin tasiri a cikin winding ana dogara. Daga wannan ita ce, idan lalace yana ƙoma a cikin masana'anta, flux a cikin core yana ƙoma, addinin yana da take da kashe kadan mai yawa.

Takaici Na Musamman A Cikin Transformar

Abubuwan takaici na musamman wanda suke faru a cikin transformar suka kategorizawa a:

• Gajerar jirgin halitta bayan winding da kasa

• Gajerar jirgin halitta bayan tasiri daban-daban

• Gajerar jirgin halitta bayan tasiri makula-makula, ya'ni inter-turn fault

• Takaici a core na transformar

Takaici Na Musamman Bayan Kasa A Cikin Transformar

Takaici Na Musamman Bayan Kasa A Winding Na Star Da Kutu An Earthed Ta Hanya An Impedance

A winding na star da kutu an earthed ta hanyar impedance, alama mai shiga kadan yana da shakka game da impedance da kuma abin da aka shiga. Voltage a kan abin da aka shiga yana da dukkan lokaci idan ya fiye da kutu, wanda yake saukar alama mai shiga kadan. Alama mai shiga kadan yana da shakka game da leakage reactance na winding portion across abin da aka shiga da kutu, amma wannan yana da take da ciki da impedance.

Takaici Na Musamman Bayan Kasa A Winding Na Star Da Kutu An Earthed Ta Hanya

A wani hali, impedance idealce yana da zero. Alama mai shiga kadan yana da shakka game da leakage reactance na winding portion comes across faulty point and neutral point of transformer. Alama mai shiga kadan yana da shakka game da abin da aka shiga da kutu a transformar.

Saboda hakan a hali na da zuwa, voltage across these two points depends upon the number of winding turn comes across faulty point and neutral point. Don haka a winding na star da kutu an earthed ta hanyar, alama mai shiga kadan yana da shakka game da bata biyu, first the leakage reactance of the winding comes across faulty point and neutral point and secondly the distance between faulty point and neutral point. 

Amma leakage reactance na winding yana ƙungiyar da hali mai yawa game da abin da aka shiga. Ana samun cewa, reactance yana ƙoma da sarrafa idan abin da aka shiga yana da take da kutu, kuma don haka alama mai shiga kadan yana da take da kutu. Saboda hakan, voltage available for fault current is low and at the same time the reactance opposes the fault current is also low, hence the value of fault current is high enough. 

Kuma idan abin da aka shiga yana da take da kutu, voltage available for fault current is high but at the same time reactance offered by the winding portion between fault point and neutral point is high. It can be noticed that the fault current stays a very high level throughout the winding. In other word, the fault current maintain a very high magnitude irrelevant to the position of the fault on winding.

Takaici Na Musamman Bayan Tasiri Daban-Daban A Cikin Transformar

Takaici bayan tasiri daban-daban a transformar yana da kyautar faru. Idan wannan takaici yana faru, zai ba da alama mai shiga kadan don operate instantaneous over current relay on the primary side as well as the differential relay.

Inter-Turns Fault A Cikin Transformar

Transformar mai tsari mai yawa da extra high voltage transmission system, yana da kyau a faruwar takaici bayan tasiri makula-makula saboda lightening surge on the transmission line. Voltage stresses between winding turns become so large, it can not sustain the stress and causing insulation failure between inter – turns in some points. Also LV winding is stressed because of the transferred surge voltage. Very large number of power transformer failure arises from fault between turns. Inter turn fault may also be occurred due to mechanical forces between turns originated by external short circuit.

Takaici A Core Na Transformar

Idan wani babban core lamination yana da gajerar jirgin halitta ko bridged by a conducting material, zai iya ba da eddy current da kuma hoton cikin. Wannan zai iya faru idan insulation of bolts used to tighten the core laminations fails. Wannan takaici yana ba da hoton cikin, amma ba su taimaka wajen samun alama a cikin input da output current na transformar, wanda yake saukar su wajen samun su da standard electrical protection schemes. Excessive overheating can break down transformer oil, releasing gases that accumulate in the Buchholz relay and trigger an alarm.