Mai shi ne IEE-Business Cyclotron Basic Construction?
Amsa da fahimtar prinsipin bincike na Cyclotron ya kamata a fahimta zama a kan magnetic field da kuma hali na zama a kan magnetic field.
Zama a kan Daular Daga Charged Particle a Magnetic Field
Idan daular da shiga conductor da tsari L mita da amfani I ampere an gaba da yawan magnetic field da flux density B Weber per metre square, maka zama ko da ya'i magnetic force wanda ke da shiga da conductor yana kasance
Tana ce, za mu iya cewa akwai N number of mobile free electrons a kan conductor da tsari L mita wanda ke da amfani I ampere.
Wace, e shine electric charge of one electron da ya fi 1.6 × 10-19 coulomb.
Duk da equation (1) da (2) muna samu
Haka, N number of electrons da suka yi amfani I ampere, da kuma cewa suke tafi tsari L mita a lokacin t, maka drift velocity da electrons yana kasance
Duk da equation (3) da (4), muna samu
Shi ne zama a kan N number of electrons a magnetic field saboda haka zama a kan single electron a cikin magnetic field zan iya kasance
Hali na Zama a Kan Charged Particle a Magnetic Field
Idan charged particle ya zama a magnetic field, akwai duhu hali mai ma'ana. Da ta zama a cikin hali na magnetic field ko kuma ta zama perpendicular zuwa magnetic field.
Idan da ta zama a cikin axis na hali na magnetic field, magnetic force wanda ke da shiga da ita,
Saboda haka ba zan iya kasance zama a kan daular da ta zama, saboda haka ba zan iya kasance zama a kan velocity da ita da kuma ta zama a kan straight line da velocity mai ci.
Tana ce, idan charged particle ya zama perpendicular zuwa magnetic field maka ba zan iya kasance zama a kan speed da ita. Wannan shine saboda zama wanda ke da shiga da ita yana perpendicular zuwa motion da ita saboda haka zama ba zan iya yi aiki a kan ita don haka ba zan iya kasance zama a kan speed da ita.
Amsa, wannan zama wanda ke da shiga da ita perpendicular zuwa motion da ita da kuma hali na motion da ita zan iya kasance daidai. Saboda haka ita zan iya zama a circular path da radius mai ci da velocity mai ci.
Idan radius na circular motion yana R mita maka
Tana ce,
Saboda haka radius na motion yana depenence da velocity na motion.
Angular speed da time period suna da ma'ana.
Prinsipin Basuka na Cyclotron
Wannan fahimtoci na zama a kan charged particle a magnetic field an yi amfani a wurin da aka sanya da sunan cyclotron. Conceptually wannan wurin yana da ma'ana mai sauƙi amma an yi amfani a matsayin babban wurin a kan engineering, physics da medicine. Wannan shine charged particle accelerating device. Motion na charged particle under perpendicular magnetic field an yi amfani a wurin da aka sanya da sunan cyclotron.
Bayyana na Cyclotron
Wannan wurin yana da uku bayyana maina
Electromagnet da kyau don create uniform magnetic field a cikin abubuwan magana da suka taba face-to-face.
Biye hollow half cylinders made of high conductive metals. Abubuwan wurin masu cyclotron sunan Dees.
High-frequency alternating high voltage source.
Bayyana na Bayyana
Dees suka taba face to face a cikin electromagnetic poles. Dees suka taba, haka edge na straight edge zai taba face-to-face da gap mai ci a kan su. A cikin magnetic flux na electromagnet cut these Dees exact perpendicularly. Tana ce, biyu Dees suka taba a kan biyu terminals na alternating voltage source don haka idan daya Dees yake da positive potential maka biyu yake da negative potential a lokacin sama. Idan source yana alternating maka potential na Dees suka taba da frequency na source. Tana ce, idan charged particle ya zama daga near to the centre of one Dees da velocity V1. Saboda movement na particle yana perpendicular zuwa externally applied magnetic field, ba zan iya kasance zama a kan velocity amma charged particle zan iya zama a circular path da radius
Wace, m gram shine mass da q coulomb shine charge na thrown particle da B Weber/metre2 shine flux density na externally applied perpendicular magnetic field.
Idan ta zama π radians ko 180o da radius R1 charged particle yana zama a edge na Dee. Tana ce, time period da frequency na applied voltage source an yi adjustment da time period na circular motion wanda ke
