Introduction to Transformer Oil ConservatorThe oil conservator is a crucial oil storage device for transformers. When the transformer load increases and the oil temperature rises, the insulating oil inside the tank expands due to heat, causing excess oil to flow into the conservator. Conversely, when the temperature decreases, the oil in the conservator flows back into the tank. This process enables automatic oil level regulation, allowing the conservator to serve both oil storage and replenishm

An electrical substation is a critical component of the power transmission and distribution system. Its primary function is to receive electricity from high-voltage transmission lines and deliver it at lower voltages suitable for end users, such as homes, businesses, and other consumers. The operation of a substation can be summarized as follows:Step-down Transformer: Electricity generated at power plants is transmitted over long distances at high voltages to reduce energy losses. Upon reaching

The primary and secondary coils are two fundamental components of a transformer, enabling the transmission and transformation of electrical energy through the principle of electromagnetic induction. The primary coil receives high-voltage current from the input source and generates a varying magnetic field, while the secondary coil, influenced by this magnetic field, produces a corresponding output voltage. Their interaction allows the transformer to perform voltage conversion, facilitating effic

Power transformers can be classified into several categories based on their purpose, structure, and other characteristics:According to purpose:Step-up transformer:Increases voltage from low to high levels, enabling efficient long-distance power transmission.Step-down transformer:Decreases voltage from high to low levels, supplying power to local or nearby loads through distribution networks.According to phase number:Single-phase transformerThree-phase transformerAccording to winding arrangement:

Transformer Main Body Construction and Safety Protection DevicesA power transformer is equipped with several critical safety protection devices to ensure reliable and safe operation. These components play essential roles in monitoring, protecting, and maintaining the integrity of the transformer under varying operating conditions.1. Oil Cushion (Conservator Tank)The oil cushion, also known as the conservator tank, typically has a capacity of approximately 8–10% of the total transformer oil

Transformer voltage regulation can be achieved through on-load tap changing (OLTC) and off-load tap changing:On-load voltage regulation allows the transformer to adjust its tap position while in operation, thereby changing the turns ratio to regulate voltage. There are two methods: line-end regulation and neutral-point regulation. Line-end regulation involves placing the tap on the line end of the high-voltage winding, whereas neutral-point regulation places the tap on the neutral end of the hig

The power transformer is a key component in power plants and substations. Its functions are diverse: it can step up voltage to transmit electrical energy over long distances to load centers, as well as step down voltage to various required levels to meet different power demands. In short, both voltage step-up and step-down processes are accomplished through transformers.In power system transmission, voltage and power losses are inevitable. When transmitting a constant amount of power, voltage dr

1. Abnormal Temperature Rise of the TransformerWhen the transformer's oil temperature or coil temperature exceeds the allowable value during operation, the following steps should be taken to identify the cause and take measures to reduce the temperature:Check the oil temperature and coil temperature that should be present under the load and cooling medium temperature.Check if the temperature displayed on the CRT of the transformer is normal.Check if the cooling device is functioning properly, an

Substation Integrated Automation SystemThe Substation Integrated Automation System is a comprehensive automation solution that leverages advanced technologies—including computer science, modern electronics, communication systems, and information processing—to reorganize and optimize the functions of substation secondary equipment. This includes relay protection, control, measurement, signaling, fault recording, automatic devices, and telecontrol systems. The system enables integrated

Insulator Pollution Flashover and Its HazardsPollution flashover refers to a phenomenon where contaminants on the surface of electrical equipment insulators (external insulation) dissolve in moisture, forming a conductive layer that significantly reduces the insulator's insulation level. Under the influence of an electric field, this leads to severe discharge. During pollution flashover incidents, the success rate of automatic reclosing is very low, often resulting in widespread power outages. T