Mga Solusyon sa Step Voltage Regulator para sa Pagpapatibay ng Katatagan at Epektividad ng Rural Distribution Network
Ⅰ. Teknikal nga Prinsipyo ug Core nga mga Advantage
1. Pamaagi sa Pagtrabaho
Ang 32-step voltage regulator mao ang usa ka tap-switching type nga device sa pag-regulate sa voltage nga nag-adjust sa voltage pinaagi sa automatic nga switching sa tap positions sa series windings:
• Boost/Buck Mode: Ang Reversing Switch nagsilbi sa pagpili sa relative polarity sa series ug parallel windings, nailhan og ±10% voltage regulation range.
• 32-Step Fine Regulation: Kada step nag-adjust sa voltage sa 0.625% (total 32 steps), nagpreventa sa abrupt nga pagbag-o sa voltage ug nag-siguro sa continuous nga supply sa kuryente.
• Make-Before-Break Switching: Gigamit ang "twin contacts + bridging reactor" design. Sa panahon sa tap switching, ang load current temporary na gipadala sa reactor, nag-siguro sa uninterrupted nga supply sa kuryente sa load.
2. Mga Advantage para sa Rural Grid Adaptation
|
Feature |
Traditional Mechanical Regulator |
32-Step Voltage Regulator |
|
Response Speed |
Seconds to minutes |
Milliseconds |
|
Regulation Accuracy |
±2%–5% |
±0.625% |
|
Supportable Supply Radius |
Limited (Typically <10km) |
Extended (>20km) |
|
Maintenance Requirement |
High (Mechanical wear) |
Contactless, Maintenance-Free |
Table: Performance Comparison between Traditional Equipment and the 32-Step Regulator
II. Voltage Issues ug Requirements sa Rural Distribution Networks
Ang rural power grids prone sa voltage quality issues tungod sa sumala nga mga characteristics:
- Excessively Long Supply Radii: Significant voltage drop occurs at line ends.
- Severe Load Fluctuations: Agricultural loads (e.g., irrigation equipment) cause significant daytime-nighttime voltage deviation (high voltage during the day, low voltage at night).
- Three-Phase Imbalance: Concentrated single-phase loads cause neutral point displacement, worsening voltage instability.
- Aging Equipment: Small conductor diameters and insufficient transformer capacity exacerbate line losses.
III. Solution Design
1. System Architecture
Adopts a hierarchical deployment strategy:
• Substation Outlet: Install Type B regulators (constant excitation) to stabilize the main feeder voltage.
• Mid-point/End of Long Branches: Deploy Type A regulators (e.g., VR-32) to compensate for local voltage drops.
2. Key Implementation Steps
• Siting Principle: Base site selection on the voltage drop curve under maximum load; install at nodes where voltage drop exceeds 5%.
• Capacity Matching: Select regulator capacity based on peak line current (e.g., VR-32 in Zhangwu County supports a 7700kVA load).
• Intelligent Coordination:
- Coordinate with Static Var Generators (SVG) to suppress fluctuations from inductive loads.
- Combine with PV inverter reactive power regulation to mitigate daytime overvoltage.
3. Communication and Automation
• Local Control: Voltage sensors provide real-time feedback, triggering tap changes (no central command needed).
• Remote Monitoring: Upload operational data (voltage, tap position, load rate) to the central control system to support predictive maintenance.
IV. Application Cases and Results
|
Case Area |
Problem Description |
Solution |
Results |
|
Alberta, Canada |
Voltage drop >10% at feeder end during irrigation season; severe undervoltage |
Installed VR-32 voltage regulator at the mid-point of the line |
End voltage stabilized within 230V ±10% (qualified range) |
|
Bavaria, Germany |
Minimum night voltage dropping to 151V |
Installed a combination (Dynamic compensator + Voltage regulator) at the line end |
Voltage stabilized above 210V |
|
Farm Areas, Chile |
Peak-valley voltage deviation >15% |
Deployed a new flexible voltage regulation device at the transformer outlet |
All-day voltage fluctuation rate <3% |
V. Innovation Directions and Future Trends
- Synergy with Distributed Energy Resources (DER):
Integrate with PV Energy Storage (DES), using regulators to suppress voltage violations caused by renewable energy fluctuations. - Artificial Intelligence Optimization:
Apply Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to predict load changes and pre-adjust tap positions (e.g., pre-boost voltage in anticipation of irrigation peaks). - Hybrid Voltage Regulation Systems:
Combine with Soft Open Points (SOP) to form multi-level regulation networks: SOP regulates active/reactive power, while regulators handle steady-state voltage drop.
VI. Economics and Social Benefits
• Return on Investment: The cost of a single regulator is approximately 10k–10k–10k–15k USD, capable of reducing line losses by 3%–8%.
• Improved Power Supply Quality: Voltage qualification rate increases from <90% to >99%, supporting rural industrialization (e.g., stable operation of cold chain and processing equipment).
