Mga Solusyon sa Step Voltage Regulator para sa Pagpapabuti ng Katatagan at Kahusayan ng Rural Distribution Network
Ⅰ. Pagsasalamin ng Teknikal na Prinsipyo at mga Pangunahing Advantahan
1. Paraan ng Paggawa
Ang 32-step voltage regulator ay isang uri ng tap-switching type voltage regulation device na nag-aadjust ng voltage sa pamamagitan ng automatic na pag-switch ng tap positions ng series windings:
• Boost/Buck Mode: Isang Reversing Switch ang nagsisilbing pumili ng relative polarity ng series at parallel windings, na nagpapahintulot ng ±10% voltage regulation range.
• 32-Step Fine Regulation: Bawat step ay nag-adjust ng voltage ng 0.625% (32 steps total), na nagpapahintulot ng hindi abrupt na pagbabago ng voltage at nag-aalamin ng continuous power supply.
• Make-Before-Break Switching: Gumagamit ng "twin contacts + bridging reactor" design. Sa panahon ng tap switching, ang load current ay pansamantalang inireroute sa pamamagitan ng reactor, na nag-aalamin ng hindi matatahak na power sa load.
2. Mga Advantahan para sa Pag-aangkop sa Rural Grid
|
Karunungan |
Traditional Mechanical Regulator |
32-Step Voltage Regulator |
|
Tunog ng Tugon |
Segundos hanggang minuto |
Milisegundo |
|
Pagkakatumpak ng Regulasyon |
±2%–5% |
±0.625% |
|
Supportable Supply Radius |
Limitado (Typically <10km) |
Extended (>20km) |
|
Maintenance Requirement |
High (Mechanical wear) |
Contactless, Maintenance-Free |
Table: Performance Comparison between Traditional Equipment and the 32-Step Regulator
II. Mga Isyu at Kagustuhan sa Voltage sa Rural Distribution Networks
Ang mga rural power grids ay madaling magkaroon ng isyu sa kalidad ng voltage dahil sa mga sumusunod na katangian:
- Excessively Long Supply Radii: Nagaganap ang malaking voltage drop sa dulo ng linya.
- Severe Load Fluctuations: Ang agricultural loads (e.g., irrigation equipment) ay nagdudulot ng malaking daytime-nighttime voltage deviation (high voltage during the day, low voltage at night).
- Three-Phase Imbalance: Ang concentrated single-phase loads ay nagdudulot ng displacement ng neutral point, na nagpapahina ng voltage instability.
- Aging Equipment: Ang maliit na diameter ng conductor at insufficient transformer capacity ay nagpapahaba ng line losses.
III. Disenyo ng Solusyon
1. System Architecture
Nag-aadopt ng hierarchical deployment strategy:
• Substation Outlet: I-install ang Type B regulators (constant excitation) upang istabilisahin ang main feeder voltage.
• Mid-point/End of Long Branches: I-deploy ang Type A regulators (e.g., VR-32) upang kumompensahin ang lokal na voltage drops.
2. Key Implementation Steps
• Siting Principle: Batayan ang site selection sa voltage drop curve under maximum load; i-install sa nodes kung saan ang voltage drop ay lumampas sa 5%.
• Capacity Matching: Pumili ng regulator capacity batay sa peak line current (e.g., VR-32 in Zhangwu County supports a 7700kVA load).
• Intelligent Coordination:
- Coordinate with Static Var Generators (SVG) to suppress fluctuations from inductive loads.
- Combine with PV inverter reactive power regulation to mitigate daytime overvoltage.
3. Communication and Automation
• Local Control: Ang voltage sensors ay nagbibigay ng real-time feedback, na nag-trigger ng tap changes (no central command needed).
• Remote Monitoring: I-upload ang operational data (voltage, tap position, load rate) sa central control system upang suportahan ang predictive maintenance.
IV. Application Cases and Results
|
Case Area |
Problem Description |
Solution |
Results |
|
Alberta, Canada |
Voltage drop >10% sa dulo ng feeder sa panahon ng irrigation season; severe undervoltage |
I-install ang VR-32 voltage regulator sa mid-point ng linya |
Ang end voltage ay istabilisado sa loob ng 230V ±10% (qualified range) |
|
Bavaria, Germany |
Minimum night voltage dropping to 151V |
I-install ang combination (Dynamic compensator + Voltage regulator) sa dulo ng linya |
Ang voltage ay istabilisado sa itaas ng 210V |
|
Farm Areas, Chile |
Peak-valley voltage deviation >15% |
I-deploy ang bagong flexible voltage regulation device sa transformer outlet |
All-day voltage fluctuation rate <3% |
V. Innovation Directions and Future Trends
- Synergy with Distributed Energy Resources (DER):
I-integrate sa PV Energy Storage (DES), gamit ang regulators upang suppresihin ang voltage violations na dulot ng renewable energy fluctuations. - Artificial Intelligence Optimization:
I-apply ang Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) upang iprognose ang load changes at pre-adjust ang tap positions (e.g., pre-boost voltage in anticipation of irrigation peaks). - Hybrid Voltage Regulation Systems:
I-combine sa Soft Open Points (SOP) upang form multi-level regulation networks: SOP regulates active/reactive power, while regulators handle steady-state voltage drop.
VI. Economics and Social Benefits
• Return on Investment: Ang cost ng single regulator ay approximately 10k–10k–10k–15k USD, capable of reducing line losses by 3%–8%.
• Improved Power Supply Quality: Ang voltage qualification rate ay tumaas mula <90% hanggang >99%, na sumusuporta sa rural industrialization (e.g., stable operation of cold chain and processing equipment).
