Gas relay calibration

Impact of DC Bias in Transformers at Renewable Energy Stations Near UHVDC Grounding ElectrodesWhen the grounding electrode of an Ultra-High-Voltage Direct Current (UHVDC) transmission system is located close to a renewable energy power station, the return current flowing through the earth can cause a rise in ground potential around the electrode area. This ground potential rise leads to a shift in the neutral-point potential of nearby power transformers, inducing DC bias (or DC offset) in their

1.Definition and Function1.1 Role of the Generator Circuit BreakerThe Generator Circuit Breaker (GCB) is a controllable disconnect point located between the generator and the step-up transformer, serving as an interface between the generator and the power grid. Its primary functions include isolating generator-side faults and enabling operational control during generator synchronization and grid connection. The operating principle of a GCB is not significantly different from that of a standard c

1.Transformer Maintenance and Inspection Open the low-voltage (LV) circuit breaker of the transformer under maintenance, remove the control power fuse, and hang a “Do Not Close” warning sign on the switch handle. Open the high-voltage (HV) circuit breaker of the transformer under maintenance, close the grounding switch, fully discharge the transformer, lock the HV switchgear, and hang a “Do Not Close” warning sign on the switch handle. For dry-type transformer maintenance: first clean the porcel

In practical work, insulation resistance of distribution transformers is generally measured twice: the insulation resistance between thehigh-voltage (HV) windingand thelow-voltage (LV) winding plus the transformer tank, and the insulation resistance between theLV windingand theHV winding plus the transformer tank.If both measurements yield acceptable values, it indicates that the insulation among the HV winding, LV winding, and transformer tank is qualified. If either measurement fails, pairwise

Design Principles for Pole-Mounted Distribution Transformers(1) Location and Layout PrinciplesPole-mounted transformer platforms should be located near the load center or close to critical loads, following the principle of “small capacity, multiple locations” to facilitate equipment replacement and maintenance. For residential power supply, three-phase transformers may be installed nearby based on current demand and future growth projections.(2) Capacity Selection for Three-Phase Pole-Mounted Tr

1.Noise Mitigation for Ground-Level Independent Transformer RoomsMitigation Strategy:First, conduct a power-off inspection and maintenance of the transformer, including replacing aged insulating oil, checking and tightening all fasteners, and cleaning dust from the unit.Second, reinforce the transformer foundation or install vibration isolation devices—such as rubber pads or spring isolators—selected based on the severity of vibration.Finally, strengthen sound insulation at weak points of the ro