Paghulagway sa Bag-ong Tipo sa Power Distribution Cabinets

Sa modernong inhinyeriya sa elektrisidad, ang mga distribution cabinet ug distribution boxes nagserbihiyon isip "puso" sa pagdistribute ug kontrol sa kuryente. Ang kalidad sa ilang disenyo direkta nga naghuhunahuna sa seguridad, reliabilidad, ug cost-effectiveness sa tanang sistema sa pagsumpli sa kuryente. Tungod sa mas komplikado nga pangutana sa kuryente ug pagtaas sa nivel sa katalagman, ang disenyo sa mga distribution equipment nagsulay gikan sa simpleng "paghimo og balay" para sa mga komponente hangtod sa comprehensive nga systems engineering task nga naglakip sa structural mechanics, electromagnetic compatibility, thermal management, human-machine interaction, ug intelligent control. Kini nga artikulo moguha sa mga estrategya sa optimization design alang sa high-voltage/low-voltage distribution cabinets ug distribution boxes gikan sa perspektibo sa disenyo.

I. High-Voltage/Low-Voltage Distribution Cabinets: Optimization of System-Level Design

Ang high-voltage/low-voltage distribution cabinets mao ang core equipment sa mga distribution rooms. Ang ilang disenyo kinahanglan maabot ang optimal nga balanse tali sa reliabilidad, praktikalidad, ug ekonomiya.

• Structural Design: Modularity and Maintainability

• Drawer-Type/Withdrawable (e.g., KYN28) Design: Kini ang kasamtangan nga mainstream nga high-reliability design. Tungod sa pag-mount sa key components sama sa circuit breakers sa withdrawable "drawers" o "trucks," mahimo ang safe "maintenance under de-energized conditions." Ang disenyo kinahanglan precise nga consider ang track ug floor levelness aron masiguro ang smooth movement sa truck. Ang vibration damping mahimo pinaagi sa pag-lay sa insulating rubber mats, nga nagpakita sa coordination tali sa structural design ug civil construction.

• Spatial Layout and Compartmentalization: Ang mga cabinets sama sa KYN28 gigamit og metal partitions aron mapartition ang cabinet sa separate compartments (e.g., cable chamber, truck chamber, busbar chamber, instrument compartment), naabot ang functional zoning ug electrical isolation, nga makaepektibo nga prevent ang fault propagation. Ang layout kinahanglan precise nga designed batas sa component dimensions, heat dissipation requirements, ug electrical safety clearances.

• Low-Voltage Drawer-Type Design (e.g., GCS, MNS): Kini nga low-voltage cabinets gigamit og drawer units, nga sigurado nga improve ang maintenance efficiency. Ang disenyo kinahanglan consider ang mechanical interlocking sa drawers, strength sa rails, ug reliability sa connectors aron masiguro ang stable electrical connections bisan frequent plugging/unplugging.

• Component Selection and Protection Function Design

• Protection Strategy: Ang core sa disenyo nakadepende sa pag-configure sa protection functions. Ang fuses mura pero lang suitable sa short-circuit protection ug kinahanglan og replacement. Ang vacuum circuit breakers o SF6 circuit breakers, bag-o, naghatag og comprehensive overload ug short-circuit protection ug reusable, kini ang preferred choice para sa complex loads. Ang selection sa protection components dapat based sa load characteristics (e.g., motors, lighting, electronic equipment).

• Intelligent Integration: Ang traditional relay-based protection systems komplikado ug may high failure rates. Ang modern design trend mao ang integration sa intelligent multifunctional protection relays. Kini nga devices combined ang measurement, protection, control, ug communication functions sa usa ka unit, simplifying secondary circuits, improving system reliability, ug providing interfaces for future connection to Energy Management Systems (EMS) or Building Automation Systems (BAS).

• Economic and Practical Design

• Domestic vs. Imported Trade-off: Ang domestic cabinets (e.g., GCS) offer moderate prices ug convenient after-sales service pero adunay larger physical footprint. Ang imported cabinets (e.g., ABB's MNS) feature advanced technology ug compact size pero adunay higher costs ug potentially longer repair cycles. Ang designers kinahanglan magbuhat og comprehensive choice batas sa project budget, distribution room space, ug maintenance capabilities.

• Parametric Design: Precise calculation sa main busbar's maximum rated current ug short-time withstand current essential. Batas sa calculations, appropriate busbar specifications ug Ingress Protection (IP) rating sa cabinet dapat selected aron masiguro ang safe operation even under peak load conditions.

II. Distribution Boxes: Design Focused on Detail and Innovation

Isip endpoints sa power distribution, ang distribution box design focused more sa installation convenience, environmental adaptability, ug user experience.

• Installation Method Design

• Surface-Mounting vs. Flush-Mounting: Ang surface-mounted distribution box design (e.g., using angle steel brackets o metal expansion bolts) kinahanglan consider ang wall load-bearing capacity ug precise positioning sa fixing points. Ang flush-mounted distribution boxes require close coordination sa civil construction aron masiguro ang accurate dimensions ug levels sa pre-formed openings, ug prevent contamination sa box during subsequent plastering, demanding highly accurate design drawings.

• Structural and Material Innovation Design

• Patent Design Example:

• Strength and Stability: Adding raised ribs sa inner side sa door ug corresponding grooves sa door frame creates a "mortise-and-tenon" like structure when closed, significantly enhancing door stiffness ug overall stability, solving the common issue sa deformation sa traditional sheet metal doors.

• Noise Reduction Design: Ang inner walls incorporate an aluminum foam layer with round holes. Aluminum foam mao ang lightweight, porous material nga internal micropores convert sound waves into heat, effectively absorbing ug eliminating operational noise, creating a quieter environment.

• Energy Efficiency and Precise Control: Internal integration sa filter compensation circuits (harmonic filtering + power factor correction) not only eliminates grid harmonics but also improves the power factor, directly reducing line losses. Simultaneously, independent current ug voltage detection circuits provide precise energy consumption data for the system, facilitating subsequent energy efficiency analysis ug optimization.

• Safety and Maintenance Design

• Insulation and Testing: Ang design must include an insulation testing procedure. After installation, a 500V megger (insulation resistance tester) must be used to test insulation resistance between phases, phase-to-earth, phase-to-neutral, etc., ensuring it meets standards. This is fundamental for ensuring personnel ug equipment safety.

• Heat Dissipation Design: Louvers incorporated sa back panel for heat dissipation, but this must be coordinated sa noise reduction design. This patent design effectively utilizes efficient aluminum foam sound absorption, allowing for ventilation openings without causing significant noise leakage, cleverly resolving the conflict between heat dissipation ug noise reduction.