Tafiyar Gwaji na Tafin Mai Zafi: Nau'o'i Tsarin da Funguza Daban Daban Da A Bayyana
Bayanin Mafarin Zama na Turbin
Mafar zama shi ne wani babban zarfin hanyoyin zama da ke turbin. Idan takardukan turbin yana ci gaba kuma harun zama yana ci gaba, zama na dutsin zama ya ci gaba saboda haru, kuma zama mai yawa yana ci gaba zuwa mafar. Amma idan harun zama yana ci rike, zama na mafar yana ci rike zuwa dutsin zama. Wannan tushen yana iya kula masu hukumomin zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar bincike, kuma yana ba mafar da kyauka da alamar zama, kuma yana tabbatar da cewa dutsin zama ce mutane da zama.
A cikin lokacin, mafar yana ci gaban fagen bayanin zama da hawa. Yawan jiki, dusti, da zama mai yawa da aka ci hawa suna ci gaba zuwa mafar na zama a tsakiyar mafar, wanda yake yi lalacewa da zama na dutsin zama.
Sakamakon Mafarin Zama
Gwamnati na mafar shi ne wani babban zarfin zama da aka faɗa da sauran zama. Misali na mafar yana da zuba da 10% na jerin dutsin zama. An samun shi a tsakiyar dutsin zama da aka sanya da dutsin zama ta hanyar gas relay, kuma an samun shi don hukumomin zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar ci gaban haru. A lokacin da ake amfani, adadin zama na mafar yana da kyauku da zama na bushing mai karfi; don bushing da suka sanya, adadin zama na mafar yana da kyauku da zama na bushing. An samun glass oil level gauge (ko oil level indicator) a kan mafar don in tattauna zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar bincike.
Abubuwan Mafarin Zama
Yanzu, akwai uku abubuwa na mafarin zama:
Mafar na capsule: Yana da rubber capsule a cikinsu wanda yake ci gaban zama na dutsin zama da hawa, kuma yana ba kyauka da zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar ci gaban haru.
Mafar na diaphragm: Yana amfani da rubber diaphragm don ci gaban zama na dutsin zama da hawa, kuma yana ba kyauka da zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar ci gaban haru.
Mafar na corrugated: Yana amfani da metal bellows expansion device don ci gaban zama na dutsin zama da hawa, kuma yana ba kyauka da zama na dutsin zama ta hanyar ci gaban haru. Mafar na corrugated yana da farko da internal oil da external oil, wanda internal oil yana da kyaukucin kyau kuma yana da zuba da yawa.
Abubuwan Mafarin Zama
Mafar na open-type (non-sealed): Zama na dutsin zama yana da kyauku da hawa. Wannan tushen yana da kyaukucin kalmomi, kuma zama yana da kyauku da jiki da hawa, wanda yake yi lalacewa da zama na dutsin zama. Wannan tushen yana da kyauku da yawa, kuma ana samun shi a cikin wasu turbin da suke da kyaukucin kalmomi da yawa.
Mafar na capsule: Yana da rubber capsule a cikinsu wanda yake ci gaban zama na dutsin zama da hawa. Capsule yana ci gaban hawa ta hanyar breather pipe da desiccant, kuma yana ci gaban haru ta hanyar ci gaban zama. Amma capsule yana da kyauku da yawa, kuma yana da kyauku da jiki da hawa, wanda yake yi lalacewa da zama na dutsin zama. Ana buƙata shi a kan yawan kalmomi, kuma a cikin wasu lokutan yana buƙata shi a kan yawan kalmomi ko yawan kalmomi. Tushen wannan yana da kyauku da yawa, kuma ana amfani shi a cikin wasu lokutan.
Mafar na diaphragm: Yana amfani da diaphragm structure made of two layers of nylon fabric sandwiched with chloroprene rubber and coated with nitrile rubber on the outside. Amma yana da kyaukucin kalmomi, kuma yana da kyauku da yawa, kuma yana da kyauku da jiki da hawa, wanda yake yi lalacewa da zama na dutsin zama. Ana buƙata shi a kan yawan kalmomi, kuma a cikin wasu lokutan yana buƙata shi a kan yawan kalmomi ko yawan kalmomi. Tushen wannan yana da kyauku da yawa, kuma ana amfani shi a cikin wasu lokutan.
Metal corrugated (internal oil) sealed conservator: Yana amfani da metal elastic element as a compensator, a mature technology widely used in power systems for over 20 years, extending the technology of plate-type metal expanders used in instrument transformers.
Internal oil vertical conservator: Yana amfani da bellows as oil containers, with multiple bellows connected in parallel and vertically installed on a base, an external dust cover added, and oil volume compensation achieved by the vertical movement of the bellows, with a mostly rectangular appearance.
External oil horizontal conservator: Yana amfani da bellows as an air bladder, horizontally placed inside the conservator cylinder, with insulating oil filled between the outer side of the bellows and the cylinder, and the inside of the bellows connected to the external air. Oil volume compensation is achieved by the expansion and contraction of the bellows, changing the internal volume of the conservator, with a horizontally placed cylindrical appearance.
Abubuwan Mafarin Zama na Metal Corrugated
The core cavity is equipped with a damper as a pressure protection device, which can mitigate the impact of sudden increases in internal oil pressure on the conservator body. When the pressure reaches the limit, the core ruptures to release pressure, protecting the transformer body and enhancing operational reliability—a unique feature not found in other conservators.
The core consists of one or more bellows units, with an external protective cover. The outside of the core is exposed to the atmosphere, facilitating good heat dissipation and ventilation, promoting oil circulation, reducing internal oil temperature, and improving operational reliability.
The oil level indicator moves synchronously with the core's expansion and contraction, offering high sensitivity. Oil level changes can be directly observed through a viewing window on the protective cover, providing intuitive and reliable readings. A limit switch for oil level alarm is installed on the protective cover, meeting the requirements for unattended operation.
No false oil level phenomenon: Traditional conservators struggle to completely expel air, potentially causing false oil levels. This design, with its sensitive core movement and a balance steel plate creating slight positive pressure, effectively expels internal air until the desired oil level is reached, eliminating false oil levels.
Metal bellows expanders are not suitable for on-load tap-changer oil tanks: The on-load tap-changer, a key component of the transformer, frequently adjusts voltage based on load conditions during operation. Arcs generated during adjustment lead to oil decomposition and gas production. The limited volume of fully sealed metal bellows expanders hinders gas release, requiring frequent on-site venting. Therefore, manufacturers and users do not recommend using fully sealed metal bellows expanders for small conservators of on-load tap-changers.
