Matsayin Yadda Ake Kulaƙe Polarization

A nan zaɓi, yana da kyau a taka cikakken takardun polarization ta hanyar ƙarin bayanin mekanismi. Polarization ita ce ƙoƙari dipole moments na dipole na ɗaya ko inda shi a arewacin electric field. A mekanismi na polarization yana nuna yadda molekula ko atom ya haɗa da electric field na arewa. Ana iya cewa ta zama da ƙoƙarin dipole.
Yana da kungiyoyi uku da dama na mekanismi na polarization. Su ne su Electronic polarization, dipolar or Orientation polarization, Ionic polarization da Interfacial polarization. Zan iya magana game da sabon polarization a fagen fagen.

Electronic Polarization

A nan, ɗayaɗaya suka haɗa da polarization, wanda yake kuma yake ƙara electrons. An sanar da shi a matsayin atomic polarization. A lura, ana iya cewa center na electrons an yi ƙoƙari a kan nucleus. Saboda haka, an samu dipole moment kamar yadda aka nuna a tsakiyar.

Orientation Polarization

An sanar da shi a matsayin dipolar polarization. Saboda thermal equilibrium na molekuloli, a yanayi suna haɗa da dipoles suka yi ƙoƙari bace. Idan an yi amfani da electric field na arewa, yana haɗa da polarization. Duk da haka, dipoles suna ƙoƙari zuwa wasu adadin kamar yadda aka nuna a tsakiyar 2. Misali: Yana faru a gas da likita kamar H2O, HCl etc.

Ionic Polarization

Daga sunan, an iya cewa shi ne polarization na ions. Yana haɗa da ƙara ions da kuma samun dipole moment. Yana faru a matasa masu solid. Misali: NaCl. A yanayi, tana da dipoles kadan, amma suka ƙare. An nuna shi a tsakiyar 3.

Interfacial Polarization

An sanar da shi a matsayin space charge polarization. A nan, saboda electric field na arewa, orientation na charge dipoles an yi a interfase na electrode da material. Yana nufin cewa, idan an yi amfani da electric field na arewa, ƙaramin positive charges yana haɗa zuwa grain boundary da kuma samun assemblage. An nuna shi a tsakiyar 4.

Amma, a duk wasu abubuwa, zai fi yawa da wasu polarization suka ciki a wata material. Electronic polarization yana faru a duk materials. Saboda haka, dielectric characterisation na real materials zai iya zama mafi karfi. Don samun total polarization, zan yi la'akari waɗannan polarization ba interfacial polarization. Dalilin haka shine, babu hanyar na computing charges na interfacial polarization.

Idan a gudana cewa mekanismi na polarization, zan iya nuna cewa volume na drifted entities yana da farko don kowane. Ana iya nuna cewa gradual increase in mass yana faru daga electronic zuwa orientation polarization. Frequency na electric field na arewa yana da rawa masu direct relation da wannan mass. Saboda haka, zan iya nuna cewa, idan mass na drifted yana ƙare, lokaci na drifting yana ƙare.
Karshe, zan iya magana game da yadda dielectric constant na non-magnetic dielectrics (wanda ke dari electrical part) yana haɗa da refraction index (a frequency 1012-1013 Hz). Ita ce by

Misali C (Diamond) tana dada n2 = 5.85 da polarization mai ban sha'a shine electronic. Ge,da n2 = 16.73 having electronic polarization. H2O,da n2 = 1.77 having electronic, dipolar and ionic polarization.

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