Nau'o'i da Turukan Laser da Kwaikwayon Laser

LASER

Ko'ina LASER yana nufin Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. LASER yana aiki da take gina rarraba mai kyau ba wani abu mai ban sha'a. Wannan rarraba yana samun cewa optical amplification, wanda ke amfani da stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. Yana bambanta da rarraban kula na haka har zuwa uku bata. Kadan, rarrabobin LASER yana da kawai rarraba ko wavelength kawai, saboda haka ana kiranta 'monochromatic'. Ta biyu, duk rarrabobin wavelength suna da phase, saboda haka ana kiranta 'coherent'. A ta uku, rarrabobin LASER suna da mutum mai kusa, kuma zai iya sake kusa a matsayin wani abu mai zurfi - wannan shaida yana kiranta 'collimated'. Wadannan ne suna da dukkan shaida na LASER.

Don hakan, population inversion yana da muhimmanci. Idan kungiyar atomon ko molecules ke da zama da masu no electrons a matsayin excited state kafin lower energy states, population inversion yake faru. Don haka, idan electron yake kan excited state, yana iya taka rawa zuwa empty lower energy state. Idan electron yake rawa ba tare da tushen bahaushe, take fitowa photon, wannan yana kiranta spontaneous emission.

Stimulated emission yana faru idan photon yake stimula electron, take fitowa waɗanda photon na biyu kuma zama zuwa lower energy level. Wannan nasara yana haɗa da production of two coherent photons. Don haka, idan significant population inversion yake faru, stimulated emission zai iya haɗa da significant amplification of light. Photons wanda suka fito a stimulated emission suna haɗa da coherent light saboda suke da definite phase relationship.

Principle na LASER an samu a farkon Einstein a shekarar 1917, amma babu haka hingga shekarar 1958 a lokacin da LASER an samu fiye.

Lasers suna da takamadduka masu amfani. Suna da muhimmanci a wurin fice kamar CD da DVD players, da printers. A lallace, suna amfani don surgeries da skin treatments, kuma a sana'o'i, suna taimakawa don cutting da welding materials. Suna amfani a wurin military da law enforcement devices don marking targets da measuring range. Lasers suna da takamadduka masu amfani a wurin scientific research.

Components of LASER

• Lasing material ko active medium.

• External energy source.

• Optical resonator.

Types of LASER

• Solid State LASER

• Gas LASER

• Dye ko Liquid LASER

• Excimer LASER

• Chemical LASER

• Semiconductor LASER