Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) – What and why?FACTS is the acronym for “Flexible AC Transmission Systems” and refers to a group of resources used to overcome certain limitations in the static and dynamic transmission capacity of electrical networks. The IEEE defines FACTS as alternating current transmission systems incorporating power-electronics based and other static controllers to enhance control ability and power transfer ability. The main purpose of these systems is to supply the

Tariff refers to the amount of money the consumer has to pay for making the power available to them at their homes. Tariff system takes into account various factors to calculate the total cost of the electricity.Before understanding tariff of electricity system in detail, a slight overview of the entire power system structure and hierarchy in India would be very fruitful. The electrical power system mainly consists of generation, transmission and distribution. For generation of electrical power

At first we have to know about power stability study. Stability study is the procedure for deciding the stability of a system upon some disturbances and this is followed by several switching actions (ON and OFF). In the power system, the behavior of synchronous machine can have some impacts due to these disturbances. The evaluation of this impact in the stability studies are transient stability studies and steady state stability studies. The steady state stability study refers to whether the syn

It is the computational procedure (numerical algorithms) required to determine the steady state operating characteristics of a power system network from the given line data and bus data.Things you must know about load flow: Load flowstudy is the steady state analysis of power system network. Load flow study determines the operating state of the system for a given loading. Load flow solves a set of simultaneous non linear algebraic power equations for the two unknown variables (|V| and ∠δ ) at ea

Corona Discharge, also referred to as the Corona Effect, is an electrical discharge phenomenon that occurs when a conductor carrying high voltage ionizes the surrounding fluid, often air. The corona effect will occur in high-voltage systems unless sufficient care is taken to limit the strength of the surrounding electric field.It’s since corona discharge involves a loss of energy, engineers seek to reduce corona discharge to minimize electrical power loss, production of ozone gas, and radio inte

What is Ferranti Effect?The Ferranti effect is a phenomenon that describes the increase in voltage that occurs at the receiving end of a long transmission line relative to the voltage at the sending end. The Ferranti effect is more prevalent when the load is very small, or no load is connected (i.e. an open circuit). The Ferranti effect can be stated as a factor, or as a percent increase.In general practice we know, that for all electrical systems current flows from the region of higher potentia

What is Power Factor?In electrical engineering, the power factor (PF) of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of working power (measured in kilowatts, kW) absorbed by the load to the apparent power (measured in kilovolt amperes, kVA) flowing through the circuit. Power factor is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.The “ideal” power factor is one (also referred to as “unity”). This is when there is no reactive power through the circuit, and hence apparent powe

What is Power Factor Correction?Power factor correction (also known as PFC or Power Factor Improvement) is defined as a technique used to improve the power factor of AC circuits by reducing the reactive power present in the circuit. Power factor correction techniques aim to increase the efficiency of the circuit and reduce the current drawn by the load.Generally, capacitors and synchronous motors are used in circuits to reduce the inductive elements (and hence the reactive power). These techniqu

A transmission line is a conductor that carries electrical power or signals from one point to another. Transmission lines can be made of different materials, shapes, and sizes, depending on the application and the distance involved. However, when transmission lines are used for alternating current (AC) systems, they may exhibit a phenomenon called the skin effect, which affects their performance and efficiency.What is Skin Effect in Transmission Lines?Skin effect is defined as the tendency of an

Conductor is a physical medium to carry electrical energy form one place to other. It is an important component of overhead and underground electrical transmission and distribution systems. The choice of conductor depends on the cost and efficiency. An ideal conductor has following features. It has maximumelectrical conductivity. It has high tensile strength so that it can withstand mechanical stresses. It has least specific gravity i.e. weight/unit volume. It has least cost without sacrificing