Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

Hazards of Multi-Point Grounding Faults in Transformer CoresDuring normal operation, transformer cores must not be grounded at multiple points. The windings of an operating transformer are surrounded by an alternating magnetic field. Due to electromagnetic induction, stray capacitances exist between the high-voltage and low-voltage windings, between the low-voltage winding and the core, and between the core and the tank.The energized windings couple through these stray capacitances, causing the

Power transformers are critical components within the power grid. Once quality issues occur, they may not only result in significant economic and property losses but also endanger lives and cause immeasurable negative social impacts.Generally, the reliability of a power transformer is primarily influenced by its design, technology, materials, and manufacturing standards. Among these, design—being the foundation of product quality—plays a crucial role in determining the overal

For short-circuit faults on transformer lead-out wires, bushings, and internal components, appropriate protective devices shall be installed, and shall comply with the following provisions: Transformers with a capacity of 10 MVA or above operating individually, and transformers with a capacity of 6.3 MVA or above operating in parallel, shall be equipped with pilot differential protection. Important transformers with a capacity of 6.3 MVA or below operating individually may also be equipped with

Regarding the temperature rise solution for 2000A, 800mm wide cabinets: reduce self-heating, implement rational ventilation design; 2000A solid-sealed pole column circuit breakers can also use heat sinks; use two 80×10mm busbars made of high-quality busbar material; increase contact pressure and bolt tightening torque.For 650mm width with lightning impulse withstand voltage: do not assume that 17.5kV 95kV BIL, being a higher voltage level, necessarily requires larger dimensions and wid

Copper loss, also known as I²R loss, occurs in the winding of an autotransformer just as it does in other types of transformers. This loss arises due to the resistance of the copper conductors in the windings. When current flows through the winding, electrical energy is converted into heat as a result of this resistance.In an autotransformer, which uses a single winding for both primary and secondary functions, copper loss is still present. The copper loss is calculated using the formul

Transformer Connection DesignationsThe transformer connection designation indicates the winding connection method and the phase relationship between the line voltages of the primary and secondary windings. It consists of two parts: letters and a number. The letters on the left denote the connection configurations of the high-voltage and low-voltage windings, while the number on the right is an integer from 0 to 11.This number represents the phase shift of the low-voltage winding's line voltage r

Regulator Operating Procedures PurposeA regulator is a critical device used to control the pressure of gases or liquids, widely applied in industrial production and laboratory environments. This procedure aims to standardize the operation of regulators to ensure safety, accuracy, and efficiency. Pre-Operation Preparation Confirm that operators have received appropriate training and are familiar with the basic principles and operational procedures of the regulator. Inspect the regulator&rsquo

What are the types of power transformers, and what are their main components?Power transformers are available in various types to meet the evolving demands of power systems. They can be classified as single-phase or three-phase based on phase configuration; core-type or shell-type according to the relative arrangement of windings and core; and dry-type, air-cooled, forced oil circulation air-cooled, or water-cooled based on cooling methods. In terms of neutral point insulation, transformers are

Surge Arresters: Principles and ApplicationsA surge arrester is a critical device used to protect structures and electrical equipment from lightning strikes. It rapidly diverts and dissipates lightning current, thereby safeguarding equipment and personnel. The following provides a detailed explanation of its working principles.1. Basic Construction of Surge ArrestersA surge arrester typically consists of two main components: a gas discharge tube and a metal oxide varistor (MOV). Gas Discharge Tu

The use of kVA (kilovolt-amperes) instead of kW (kilowatts) to rate transformers stems from the fundamental distinction between real power (kW) and apparent power (kVA) in electrical systems. Transformers transfer electrical energy between circuits via electromagnetic induction, and their kVA rating accounts for both real and reactive power.Real Power (kW): This is the actual power that performs useful work—such as producing mechanical energy, heat, or light—and reflects the