Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

UHV (Ultra-High Voltage) substations are a critical component of power systems. To meet the fundamental requirements of power systems, the associated transmission lines must remain in good operational condition. During the operation of UHV substations, it is essential to properly implement the inter-bay jumper installation and construction techniques between structural frames to ensure rational interconnection among the frames, thereby fulfilling the basic operational needs of UHV substations an

1.Basic Concept of “Single-Point Grounding”Single-point grounding refers to a configuration in which the main system host is connected to earth at one single point, while all remote devices—including cameras and other equipment—must remain electrically insulated from earth. Specifically, “single-point grounding” means that for any “system” where components are directly electrically connected, the central aggregation point (i.e., the main system host or subsystem host) must be grounded at one poi

High-voltage vacuum circuit breakers, owing to their excellent arc-quenching characteristics, suitability for frequent operation, and long maintenance-free intervals, have been widely applied in China’s power industry—particularly in urban and rural power grid upgrades, as well as in chemical, metallurgical, railway electrification, and mining sectors—and have received widespread acclaim from users.The primary advantage of vacuum circuit breakers lies in the vacuum interrupter. However, the char

A substation bay refers to a complete and independently operable assembly of electrical equipment within a substation. It can be regarded as a fundamental unit of the substation’s electrical system, typically comprising circuit breakers, disconnectors (isolators), earthing switches, instrumentation, protective relays, and other associated devices.The primary function of a substation bay is to receive electrical power from the power system into the substation and then deliver it to the required d

Pad-Mounted Substation (Box-Type Substation)Definition:A pad-mounted substation, also known as a prefabricated substation or pre-assembled substation, is a compact, factory-assembled power distribution unit that integrates high-voltage switchgear, a distribution transformer, and low-voltage distribution equipment according to a specific wiring scheme. It combines functions such as voltage step-down and low-voltage power distribution into a single unit housed in a fully enclosed, movable steel en

What Are the Differences Between Substations, Switching Stations, and Distribution Rooms?A substation is a power facility in the electric power system that transforms voltage levels, receives and distributes electrical energy, controls the direction of power flow, and adjusts voltage. It interconnects power grids of various voltage levels through its transformers. In specific applications—such as submarine power cables or long-distance transmission—some systems use high-voltage direct current (H

First, the installation of 10 kV high-voltage disconnect switches must meet the following requirements. The first step is to select an appropriate installation location, typically near the switchgear power supply in the power system to facilitate operation and maintenance. At the same time, sufficient space must be ensured at the installation site to accommodate equipment placement and wiring.Secondly, equipment safety must be fully considered—for example, lightning protection and explosion-proo

1.IntroductionIn a double-busbar system, line energizing/de-energizing and bus transfer are fundamental switching operations. Under the double-busbar configuration, line protection voltage is derived from busbar potential transformers (PTs). The PTs are connected to the busbar via primary disconnect switches, with their secondary windings routed to the PT secondary terminal box. Each PT has three secondary windings: one for protection and measurement, one for metering, and one open-delta winding

It has been reported by a Chinese column-type circuit breaker manufacturer that its independently developed LW62-420/T5000-63 column-type circuit breaker has successfully passed the full set of type tests in accordance with IEC standards, marking the birth of China’s first double-break, grading-capacitor-free circuit breaker at Pinggao.In recent years, the Chinese column-type circuit breaker manufacturer has focused on breaking through key technologies such as high-breaking-capacity, low-operati

The 145 kV disconnector is a critical switching device in substation electrical systems. It is used in conjunction with high-voltage circuit breakers and plays an important role in power grid operation:First, it isolates the power source, separating equipment under maintenance from the power system to ensure personnel and equipment safety;Second, it enables switching operations to change the system operating mode;Third, it is used to interrupt small-current circuits and bypass (loop) currents.Re