USB pinout
Kwalli Guji da USB 2.0, 3.0, da 3.1 (USB-C) Connectors
"Kafin cikakken pinout diagrams da bayanai na kimiyya game da duk mota USB connector mai yawa, tana Standard-A, B, Mini, Micro, da USB-C."
Wani takarda a kan web shine wanda ya ba da cikakken bayanin USB connector pin configurations, signal functions, voltage levels, da color coding across generations: USB 2.0, USB 3.0, da USB 3.1 (Type-C). Duk bayanai suna dogara da specifications na USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF).
Ideal for engineers, technicians, hobbyists, and students working with embedded systems, DIY electronics, or device repair.
Me Ke USB?
Universal Serial Bus (USB) shine interface na tsari don kofar abubuwa zuwa computers da mobile devices. It supports:
Data transfer
Power delivery (up to 240W in USB PD)
Device charging
Hot-swapping
Duka version ta USB ta shafi waɗannan features:
USB 2.0: Up to 480 Mbps
USB 3.0: Up to 5 Gbps
USB 3.1 Gen 2: Up to 10 Gbps
USB 3.2 / USB4: Up to 40 Gbps
The physical connectors vary by type and generation, but all follow strict pin assignments.
USB Connector Types Overview
| Connector | Pins | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| USB 2.0 A/B | 4 pins | Hosts, printers, keyboards |
| Mini/Micro USB 2.0 | 5 pins | Older phones, cameras |
| USB 3.0 A/B | 9/11 pins | High-speed data, external drives |
| Micro USB 3.0 | 10 pins | Smartphones, tablets |
| USB 3.1 C (USB-C) | 24 pins | Reversible, high-power, fast data |
Note: USB-C supports reversibility, dual-role operation, and Power Delivery (PD).
USB 2.0 – Standard A & B Connectors
Standard A: Standard B: ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ │ 4 3 2 1 │ │ 1 2 │ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ ↑ ↑ Plug View Plug View
Pin Configuration (4-Pin)
| Pin | Signal | Color Code | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC (+5V) | Red | Power supply (up to 500mA) |
| 2 | Data - (D-) | White | Differential data pair (-) |
| 3 | Data + (D+) | Green | Differential data pair (+) |
| 4 | Ground | Black | Signal and power return |
Full-duplex communication using differential signaling
No ESD protection on host side? Use TVS diodes!
Mini/Micro USB 2.0 – Standard A & B
Standard A: Standard B: ┌───────┐ ┌───────┐ │ 1 2 3 4 5 │ │ 1 2 3 4 5 │ └───────┘ └───────┘
Pin Configuration (5-Pin)
| Pin | Signal | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC (+5V) | Power supply |
| 2 | Data - (D-) | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 3 | Data + (D+) | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 4 | None | Host detection: connected to ground in hosts, open in devices |
| 5 | Ground | Common ground |
Pin 4 enables automatic detection of host vs. slave
Used in older smartphones, GPS units, and digital cameras
USB 3.0 – Standard A & B Connectors
USB 3.0 A (9-Pin)
Plug View: ┌─────────────┐ │ 5 6 7 8 9 │ │ 4 3 2 1 │ └─────────────┘
| Pin | Signal | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC (+5V) | Power supply |
| 2 | D- | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 3 | D+ | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 4 | GND | Power ground |
| 5 | RX2- | USB 3.0 receive line (-) |
| 6 | RX2+ | USB 3.0 receive line (+) |
| 7 | GND | Signal ground |
| 8 | TX2- | USB 3.0 transmit line (-) |
| 9 | TX2+ | USB 3.0 transmit line (+) |
Backward compatible with USB 2.0
Speed: Up to 5 Gbps (SuperSpeed)
USB 3.0 B (11-Pin)
Plug View: ┌─────────────┐ │ 9 8 7 6 5 │ │ 10 11 │ │ 4 3 │ └─────────────┘
| Pin | Signal | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC (+5V) | Power supply |
| 2 | D- | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 3 | D+ | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 4 | GND | Power ground |
| 5 | TX2- | USB 3.0 transmit line (-) |
| 6 | TX2+ | USB 3.0 transmit line (+) |
| 7 | GND | Signal ground |
| 8 | RX2- | USB 3.0 receive line (-) |
| 9 | RX2+ | USB 3.0 receive line (+) |
| 10 | DPWR | Power provided by device (e.g., bus-powered hub) |
| 11 | GND | Return for DPWR |
Rarely used; replaced by USB-C in modern devices
Micro USB 3.0 (10-Pin)
Plug View: ┌─────────────────────┐ │ 1 0 9 8 7 6 │ │ 5 4 3 2 1 │ └─────────────────────┘
| Pin | Signal | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC (+5V) | Power supply |
| 2 | D- | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 3 | D+ | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 4 | ID | OTG identification (host/device role) |
| 5 | GND | Power ground |
| 6 | TX2- | USB 3.0 transmit line (-) |
| 7 | TX2+ | USB 3.0 transmit line (+) |
| 8 | GND | Signal ground |
| 9 | RX2- | USB 3.0 receive line (-) |
| 10 | RX2+ | USB 3.0 receive line (+) |
Used in early smartphones and tablets before USB-C adoption
Supports On-The-Go (OTG) mode
USB 3.1 Type-C (24-Pin) – Reversible Connector
Plug View (Top Side): ┌────────────────────────────┐ │ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 │ └────────────────────────────┘ │ 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 │ └────────────────────────────┘
Pin Configuration (24-Pin)
| Pin | Signal | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GND (A1) | Ground |
| 2 | TX1+ (A2) | SuperSpeed transmit (+) |
| 3 | TX1- (A3) | SuperSpeed transmit (-) |
| 4 | Vbus (A4) | +5V power supply |
| 5 | CC1 (A5) | Configuration Channel (detects orientation, power roles) |
| 6 | D+ (A6) | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 7 | D- (A7) | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 8 | SBU1 (A8) | Sideband use (for video/audio, alternate modes) |
| 9 | Vbus (A9) | +5V power supply (second path) |
| 10 | RX2- (A10) | SuperSpeed receive (-) |
| 11 | RX2+ (A11) | SuperSpeed receive (+) |
| 12 | GND (A12) | Ground |
| 13 | GND (B12) | Ground (symmetric side) |
| 14 | RX1+ (B11) | SuperSpeed receive (+) |
| 15 | RX1- (B10) | SuperSpeed receive (-) |
| 16 | Vbus (B9) | +5V power supply |
| 17 | SBU2 (B8) | Sideband use |
| 18 | D- (B7) | USB 2.0 data negative |
| 19 | D+ (B6) | USB 2.0 data positive |
| 20 | CC2 (B5) | Configuration Channel (backup) |
| 21 | Vbus (B4) | +5V power supply |
| 22 | TX2- (B3) | SuperSpeed transmit (-) |
| 23 | TX2+ (B2) | SuperSpeed transmit (+) |
| 24 | GND (B1) | Ground |
Fully reversible plug
Dual-role data flow (host/device)
Supports USB Power Delivery (up to 240W)
Supports DisplayPort and HDMI via Alternate Mode
Design Tips for Engineers
Always route D+/D- as differential pairs with controlled impedance (~90Ω)
Keep Vbus trace short and wide for better current handling
Use TVS diodes on D+/D- lines for ESD protection
Add pull-up resistors on CC pins for proper negotiation
Follow USB-IF compliance guidelines for certification
Standards Compliance
USB 2.0: USB-IF Specification 2.0
USB 3.0: USB 3.0 Specification (Rev. 1.0)
USB 3.1: USB 3.1 Specification (Rev. 1.0)
USB-C: USB Type-C Specification (Rev. 2.1)
All modern devices must comply with these standards for interoperability.
