Sistem Ingantaccen Kansu na Turbin – Dalilai Turubaran Da Nau'o'i Da Tsari

Dalilai na Fara Tafiyar Mai Kuliya

Mai kuliya suna fara tafiyar da wani abubuwa daban-daban, sama da fara gadi mai yawa, hanyoyi masu sauki, gashin hanyoyin maimaitaka, da kuma fanonon da suka rasa. Idan tafiyar mai kuliya ba su ne musamman, amma abin da za su iya samun su zai iya kasance. A halin bayanin a cikin wannan, mai kuliya wanda ya fara tafiyar yana iya kasance lafiya a faduwar da dama. Amma ita ce mu karanta tsari na darasi na tafiyar a wurare da wuraren da ke mulki, saboda ake magance sarrafa abin da za su iya samun su don in haɓaka.

Tsarin Tsari da Sarrafa Tafiyar Mai Kuliya

Tafiyar mai kuliya wanda ba ake sarrafa ba zai iya kasance lafiya da kuma zai iya haɗa da juyin kasa mai yawa. Don mai kuliya masu kokari da karamin voltige mai yawa da 123 kV, ana yi aiki a kan ake shirya tsari na tsari na tafiyar. Wata aikin da ake amfani da shi shine tsari na maimaita, wanda ake kira "deluge" ko "fire water" systems, kamar yadda ake nuna a Figur 1.

Wannan tsari na tsari an yi aiki har zuwa don in kawo tafiyar da maimaita mai yawa, don in kawo tafiyar mai kuliya, don in haɓaka abin da za su iya samun su a wurare da wuraren da ke mulki, da kuma in haɓaka juyin kasa.

Tsari Na Tafiyar Mai Kuliya

Wannan tsari ana yi aiki da mai sharhiyar tafiyar idanni mai kuliya ta shiga fitaccen, ko da mai sharhiyar dukkiyar tafiyar idanni ta shiga gida.

Abubuwan Tsari Na Tafiyar Mai Kuliya

Tsari na tafiyar mai kuliya suna faɗa a:

Tsari Na Maimaita Da Mist Systems

• Kudin: Mai kogin tafiyar, tsari na maimaita mai yawa/nozzles, valves, valve components, da kuma piping.

• Aiki: In kawo tafiyar da maimaita mai yawa, in kula maimaita mai yawa ko mist mai yawa don in kula tafiyar da kuma in kawo tafiyar mai kuliya.

Tsari Na Sharhiyar Tafiyar

• Kudin: Mai sharhiyar tafiyar (thermal, smoke, ko flame sensors), control panels, da kuma cabling.

• Aiki: In sharhi tafiyar da karamin lokaci, in yi aiki suppression systems ko alarms don in haɓaka lokacin.

Abubuwan Sarrafa

Sarrafa tafiyar ba zai iya da muhimmanci idan:

• Mai kuliya ta shiga fitaccen da wuraren da ke mulki da wurare da ke mulki.

• Maimaita mai tafiyar zai iya kawo da kula (misali, da tsari na fire-resistant barriers ko drainage systems).

Amma a baya da duka, in sarrafa wurare da ke mulki, wurare da ke mulki, da kuma mutanen da ke mulki na iya da muhimmanci in yi aiki suppression measures.

Zabe Ta Hanyar

Yi amfani da hanyoyin maimaitaka mai tafiyar (misali, high flashpoint oils ko synthetic esters) zai iya haɓaka tafiyar da kuma zai iya kawo da aikin active suppression systems, don haka zai iya zama zabe ta hanyar a wasu wurare da ke mulki.

Kyakkyawan Tsari Na Tafiyar Mai Kuliya

Wadannan ne kyakkyawan al'adu na tsari na tafiyar mai kuliya:

Wurare Da Ke Mulki Masu Mai Kuliya Mineral-Oil-Filled Transformers

• Wurare da ke mulki masu mai kuliya mineral-oil-filled transformers da ke mulki da wurare da ke mulki ko wurare da ke mulki babban suka iya haɓaka active fire suppression systems don in sarrafa wurare da ke mulki, wurare da ke mulki, da kuma environment.

• Idan haka, suka buƙata a yi aiki containment systems (misali, oil retention dikes) don in haɓaka environmental contamination dari maimaita mai tafiyar.

• Don wurare da ke mulki masu mai kuliya—da kuma inda yana da nasarar a wurare da ke mulki masu mai kuliya—mineral-oil-filled transformers zai iya shiga fitaccen da wurare da ke mulki, wurare da ke mulki, da kuma wurare da ke mulki don in haɓaka tafiyar da kuma environmental risks. A cikin wannan, active fire suppression ba zai iya da muhimmanci idan separation distances da abubuwan sarrafa suka da nasarar.

Wurare Da Ke Mulki Masu Mai Kuliya

• Tsari na tafiyar da suke yi aiki suna da muhimmanci in su ci gaba da sarrafa wurare da ke mulki da wurare da ke mulki, amma suka buƙata a yi review periodically for adequacy and compliance with current codes and standards.

• Tsari na tafiyar da ba suke yi aiki ba suka buƙata a yi review for compliance with modern standards and restored to operational status where required.

• Wurare da ke mulki da ba suka da tsari na tafiyar ba suka buƙata a yi install them where necessary to protect critical structures or equipment, as determined by risk assessments.

Sarrafa Mai Kuliya Da Assessment

• Mai kuliya suna buƙata a yi periodic condition assessments don routine inspections, testing, and maintenance. Units with low condition indices should be prioritized for rehabilitation or replacement to reduce failure risks.

Structures Na Kwalliya

• Fire walls or barriers should be installed between adjacent transformers, between transformers and plant structures, between single-phase units, or between transformers and other equipment where feasible. These barriers limit fire and explosion spread, minimizing collateral damage.

Operation Da Compliance

• Tsari na tafiyar suna buƙata a yi regularly operated, maintained, and tested to ensure reliability during emergencies.

• Oil containment and oil-water separation structures (e.g., spill berms, interceptor tanks) must comply with all relevant environmental laws, regulations, and industry standards to prevent pollution.

Access Da Public Safety

• Access to transformer areas must be restricted to authorized personnel only. Measures should be taken to physically limit public proximity to transformers, reducing the risk of injury or unauthorized interference.

• All fire protection and containment measures must align with applicable environmental laws to prevent regulatory non-compliance and ecological harm.

By adhering to these principles, facilities can effectively mitigate fire risks, protect infrastructure, safeguard personnel, and minimize environmental impact from transformer incidents.