Intelligent outdoor vacuum circuit breaker

Intelligence

Intelligent Monitoring and Diagnosis

• Multi - parameter Real - time Monitoring: Outdoor vacuum circuit breakers will be extensively integrated with various high - precision sensors, which are like the "sensory nerves" of the circuit breaker. For example, displacement sensors are used to accurately measure the contact travel, keeping track of the position changes of the contacts during the opening and closing processes in real - time; speed sensors are utilized to monitor the opening and closing speeds to ensure that the operating processes meet the specified requirements. Meanwhile, electrical parameter sensors can monitor current and voltage in real - time, precisely capturing the fluctuations of current and voltage in the power grid. Partial discharge sensors are even capable of acutely detecting extremely small partial discharge phenomena inside the circuit breaker. These sensors collect data comprehensively and continuously, providing abundant and accurate information for the assessment of the circuit breaker's operating status.

• Data Analysis and Fault Early Warning: The collected data will be transmitted to the intelligent processing unit, where advanced data analysis algorithms and models (such as neural network algorithms and fault tree analysis models) are employed to conduct in - depth analysis of the data. Through the comparative analysis of historical and real - time data, abnormal change trends in the operating parameters of the circuit breaker can be detected in advance. For instance, when the partial discharge quantity shows a gradually increasing trend, the system can issue an early warning signal in advance according to preset thresholds and algorithms, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel that there may be insulation defects and further inspection and handling are required. Thus, early fault warning is achieved, avoiding the further expansion of faults.

• Fault Diagnosis and Location: Once an anomaly is detected, the intelligent system will promptly diagnose the fault. Through the comprehensive analysis of multiple parameters and the matching of fault characteristic patterns, it can accurately determine the type of fault, such as whether it is a mechanical fault (such as contact wear and spring fatigue) or an electrical fault (such as insulation breakdown and over - current heating). At the same time, using fault location algorithms, it can precisely determine the location of the fault occurrence, providing clear guidance for the operation and maintenance personnel to quickly troubleshoot and repair the fault. This greatly shortens the fault handling time and improves the power supply reliability.

Adaptive Control

• Adjustment of Setting Values Based on Operating Status: Outdoor vacuum circuit breakers have the ability to intelligently sense the operating status of the power grid. When the system is under light load, the circuit breaker determines the current light - load status by monitoring parameters such as current and voltage. At this time, it can automatically and appropriately relax the over - current protection threshold according to pre - set rules and algorithms. This can prevent unnecessary tripping caused by some minor current fluctuations, ensuring the stable operation of the power grid under light load. When the power grid is under heavy load or a fault occurs, the circuit breaker can quickly switch to a high - sensitivity protection mode, respond to the fault current rapidly, and act promptly and accurately to cut off the fault circuit, preventing the spread of the fault.

• Adaptive Operation Strategies for Different Fault Types: Different types of faults require different operation and handling methods. When a short - circuit fault is detected, the circuit breaker will quickly execute a fast opening operation to cut off the short - circuit current within an extremely short time, protecting the equipment and lines from the thermal and electrodynamic damage caused by the short - circuit current. In the case of an over - load fault, the circuit breaker will adopt a graded time - delay tripping strategy according to the degree and duration of the over - load. It gives the equipment a certain overload tolerance time while being able to trip in time when the over - load situation deteriorates continuously, avoiding equipment damage due to long - term over - load. This function of adaptively adjusting the operation strategy according to the fault type greatly improves the circuit breaker's ability to deal with complex fault situations.

Integration with Smart Grid

• Information Interaction: Outdoor vacuum circuit breakers are connected to the smart grid through high - speed and stable communication modules (such as Ethernet, fiber - optic communication, and 5G wireless communication). They can perform two - way information interaction with other intelligent devices in the power grid (such as substation automation systems, relay protection devices, and smart meters). The circuit breaker can receive control commands from the power grid dispatching center, such as adjusting the operating mode and executing specific operation tasks; at the same time, it also feeds back its operating status, fault information, etc. to the dispatching center and other relevant devices in real - time, enabling the entire power grid system to comprehensively and promptly grasp the situation of the circuit breaker, providing strong support for the unified dispatching and optimized operation of the power grid.

• Coordinated Control: In the framework of the smart grid, outdoor vacuum circuit breakers achieve coordinated control with other devices. For example, when a fault occurs in a certain area of the power grid, the circuit breaker can share information and act in coordination with adjacent circuit breakers and relay protection devices. According to the fault location and analysis results, each device performs opening and closing operations in the pre - set logical sequence to quickly isolate the fault and rapidly restore power supply to the non - fault area. This coordinated control mechanism effectively improves the power grid's ability to respond to faults, enhances the overall operation efficiency and reliability of the power grid, and promotes the smart grid to develop towards a more efficient and intelligent direction.