Common 35~110kV substation main wiring（External bridge connection)

(1) Generator Protection:Generator protection covers: phase-to-phase short circuits in stator windings, stator ground faults, inter-turn short circuits in stator windings, external short circuits, symmetrical overload, stator overvoltage, single- and double-point grounding in the excitation circuit, and loss of excitation. Tripping actions include shutdown, islanding, limiting fault impact, and alarm signaling.(2) Transformer Protection:Power transformer protection includes: phase-to-phase short

Analysis and Handling of Fault Tripping in 35kV Substation Operation1. Analysis of Tripping Faults1.1 Line-Related Tripping FaultsIn power systems, the coverage area is extensive. To meet power supply demands, numerous transmission lines must be installed—posing significant management challenges. Especially for special-purpose lines, installations are often located in remote areas such as suburbs to minimize impact on residential life. However, these remote areas have complex environments, makin

1. Methods for Detecting Busbar Discharge1.1 Insulation Resistance TestThe insulation resistance test is a simple and commonly used method in electrical insulation testing. It is highly sensitive to through-type insulation defects, overall moisture absorption, and surface contamination—conditions that typically result in significantly reduced resistance values. However, it is less effective in detecting localized aging or partial discharge faults.Depending on the equipment’s insulation class and

1. Purpose of Handling Total Substation BlackoutA total blackout at a 220 kV or higher substation may lead to widespread power outages, significant economic losses, and instability in the power grid, potentially causing system separation. This procedure aims to prevent voltage loss in main grid substations rated 220 kV and above.2. General Principles for Handling Total Substation Blackout Establish contact with dispatch as soon as possible. Restore station service power promptly. Quickly restore