Matsayin IEE-Business da kawo shugaban wani ƙarfafar tushen kasa, za a yi tasiri masu inganci na rubutu na bayanai, hanyoyi, manyan abubuwa da kuma takardun nazarin rubutu zuwa harshen Hausa. Matsayin IEC da BS 7671 Na'urar IEE-Business Don Manyan Abubuwan Kasa Da Karamin Tushen Kasa
IEC-60364 da BS-7671 Bayanan don Wasu Manyan, Manyan Mai Amfani, da Kofin Tsari
Komisarun Duniya na Electrotechnical (IEC) da Kamar Bincike na Britaniya (BS 7671) suna taimakawa wajen shafi masu hukuma ga wasu manyan. Duka dukkan bayanan suna ba aikin bayanai, musamman idan ana kula da tsarin kofin tsari kamar manyan mai amfani, manyan mai amfani, da kofin tsari.
IEC 60364 yana cewa ce kamar bayanai na duniya wanda ke nuna abubuwa na farko ga wasu manyan. Yana ba aikin fuskantar da ya fi amfani a wurare da take, inda yake da kyau, da kuma yadda ake amfani. Amma, BS 7671 – 2018, wanda ya fi amfani a Ingila, yana ba aikin bayanai game da kamar IEC - aligned BS EN 61439. Wannan bayanai yana amfani da kungiyoyi na Ingila da kuma abubuwan da suka fi amfani a arewacin Ingila.
Lami da zuwa zai bayyana muhimmancin abubuwa da aka kula a IEC 60364 da BS 7671, musamman idan ana kula da tsarin kofin tsari a wurare. Duk da cewa bayanan suna da muhimmanci wajen bincika cewa wasu manyan suna da kyau, suka kasa waɗanda suka amfani da kuma al'adu daga harsuna na karamin elektriki.
IEC-60364 da BS-7671 Bayanan don Wasu Manyan, Manyan Mai Amfani, da Kofin Tsari
1. Mazaun da Fasaha
Amsa BS 7671: 132.12 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 52:
Fasaha: Ana buƙata a yi kofin tsari a wurare da ake iya fasahar ɗaya daga gida don inganta, ra'ayi, da kuma samun aiki. Wannan yana ba aikin mafi girma a yi kofin tsari idan an saka.
Gida: A gida, ana kula da kofin tsari da kofin tsari a matsayin 1 zuwa 1.8 mita daga gida. Don sauki masu 'yan adawa da kuma masu nasara, ana kula da 1.3 mita, wanda yana ba aikin fasahar a yi kofin tsari.
Tattalin arziki: A birnin tattalin arziki, ana kula da kofin tsari da IP54 da kofin tsari a matsayin 1.50 mita, 1.20 mita, da 0.50 mita, kamar yadda ake kula a IEC 61439.
Kasa: Ana buƙata a yi kasa a kan kofin tsari. BS 7671 yana nuna muhimmancin a yi kasa don aiki, wanda yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Sakamakon Switchgear: Ana kula da sakamakon switchgear a kan gaba. Amma, za a iya sakamako a kan gida idan an yi ita don gida ko a kan gida da protection degree da yake da IP4X, IP5X, ko IP6X, kamar yadda ake kula a BS 7671: Section 422.3.3.
Double Insulation da Covers: Idan an yi kofin tsari ta hanyar aluminium, ana kula da double insulation da covers don kofin tsari ta hanyar aluminium, wanda yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Muhimmiyar Tsarin Zama: Ana kula da kofin tsari a wurare da ba ake kusa, ba ake kusa, ko kuma tsarin zama da zai iya kawo damar aiki. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
2. Ratings na Panel
Amsa BS 7671: 536 da IEC 61439:
Zabubu: Ana kula da zabubu don kofin tsari, manyan mai amfani, da wasu zabubu da takardukan da ake amfani a kan kofin tsari. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Tsarin Design da Testing: IEC 61439 yana nuna tsarin design, testing, da kuma tsarin ƙirƙira. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Verification of Protective Devices: Duk da protective devices a kan manyan mai amfani da kofin tsari, ana kula da verification don amsa cewa za a iya amfani a kan fault. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Environmental Suitability: Ana kula da suitability na panel board don wurare. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
3. Isolation and Switching
Amsa BS 7671: Section 537 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 53:
Isolation and Switching Provisions: Ana kula da isolation and switching provisions. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Main Isolator Requirements: Main isolators suna da muhimmanci don aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Emergency Disconnect: Ana kula da emergency disconnect switch. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
4. Earthing and Protective Conductors
Amsa BS 7671: Chapter 54 Sections 541 to 544 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 54:
Earthing Importance: Earthing yana da muhimmanci. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Protective Earth Connections: Ana kula da connections. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Equipotential Bonding: Ana kula da equipotential bonding. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Lightning Protection Compliance: Ana kula da compliance. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
PEN Conductor Restrictions: Ana kula da restrictions. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
5. Selection of Protective Devices
Amsa BS 7671: 536.3 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 53:
Fault Coordination: Ana kula da coordination. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
6. Overcurrent Protection
Amsa BS 7671: Chapter 43, Sections 420 to 424 da IEC 60364 - 4 - 43:
Overcurrent Protection Devices: Ana kula da overcurrent protection devices. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Rating and Design: Ana kula da rating and design. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Coordination Requirements: Ana kula da requirements. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
7. Short Circuit Protection
Amsa BS 7671: 434 da IEC 60364 - 4 - 43:
Short Circuit Protection Provision: Ana kula da provision. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Device Selection and Operation: Ana kula da selection and operation. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
8. RCDs, AFDDs, and Earth Fault Protection
Amsa BS 7671: 415, 536, da IEC 60364 - 4 - 41:
Residual Current Devices (RCDs): Ana kula da RCDs. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
30mA High - Sensitivity RCDs: Ana kula da 30mA high - sensitivity RCDs. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
TT System Requirements: Ana kula da requirements. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Earth Fault Protection: Ana kula da earth fault protection. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
TN System Requirements: Ana kula da requirements. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
9. Environmental Protection (IP Ratings)
Amsa BS 7671: 512.2 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 52:
IP Rating Selection: Ana kula da selection. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Temperature Limits: Ana kula da limits. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
10. Segregation of Circuits
Amsa BS 7671: 514.10 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 52:
Circuit Segregation: Ana kula da segregation. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Voltage Rating Separation: Ana kula da separation. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
11. Cables Used in Wiring Systems
Amsa BS 7671: Section 422.3.4:
Material and System Standards:
Cables made from non - combustible materials must comply with EN 60332 - 1 - 2.
Conduit systems should adhere to BS - EN 61386 - 1.
Cable trunking and ducting systems must meet the requirements of BS - EN 50085.
Cable tray or ladder systems should comply with BS - EN 61537.
Power track systems must satisfy the flame propagation resistance requirements specified in BS - EN 61534.
Wiring systems with a high risk of flame propagation must meet the requirements of BS - EN 60332 - 3. These standards ensure the safety and reliability of the wiring system, minimizing the risk of electrical fires and other hazards.
12. Circuit Identification and Labeling
Amsa BS 7671: 514.1 da IEC 60364 - 5 - 51:
Circuit Labeling: Ana kula da labeling. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Protective Conductor Information: Ana kula da information. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Diagram Provision: Ana kula da diagram. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Color Coding: Ana kula da color coding. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
13. Verification and Testing
Amsa BS 7671: Part 6 da IEC 60364 - 6:
Post - Installation Inspection: Ana kula da inspection. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Functionality Testing: Ana kula da testing. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
Periodic Inspections: Ana kula da periodic inspections. Wannan yana ba aikin damar aiki da kuma kofin tsari.
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