What is Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)?

Design and Installation of Solar PV SystemsModern society relies on energy for daily needs like industry, heating, transport, and agriculture, mostly met by non-renewable sources (coal, oil, gas). However, these cause environmental harm, are unevenly distributed, and face price volatility due to limited reserves—driving demand for renewable energy.Solar energy, abundant and capable of meeting global needs, stands out. Standalone PV systems (Fig 1) offer energy independence from utilities.

Hey everyone, I'm Blue — an electrical engineer with over 20 years of experience. My work has mainly focused on circuit breaker design, transformer management, and delivering power system solutions for various utility companies.Today, someone asked a great question: "How to avoid step voltage?" Let me explain this in simple but professional terms.First off, what exactly is step voltage (or touch potential between your feet)?Imagine this: when a high-voltage line falls to the ground or there's a

Hey everyone, I'm Blue — an electrical engineer with over 20 years of experience. My career has mostly focused on circuit breaker design, transformer management, and providing power system solutions for various utility companies.Today, someone asked a great question: "How many steps are in a voltage regulator?" Let me break it down in simple but professional terms.Well, the short answer is: It depends! Just like asking how many gears a car has — the answer really depends on the model and its int

Hey everyone, I'm Blue — an electrical engineer with over 20 years of experience, currently working at ABB. My career has mainly focused on circuit breaker design, transformer management, and providing power system solutions for various utility companies.Today, someone asked the question: "What is a step voltage regulator?" Let me explain it in simple but professional terms.So, a step voltage regulator is basically a device used in power distribution systems to keep the voltage stable. Think of