Kudin Gajere na Yawanci Masu Zafiya ko Kammalawa Masu Tsari a Gas-Insulated Ring Main Units
Daga ƙarin hanyoyin kula, zan iya cikakken ring main units (RMUs) da suka ɗauke a gaba ko da kula. Wadannan suna da muhimman abubuwa a cikin tashar mafi yawan kula (da suka shafi SF₆ ko kuma kula mai sauri) don kula, amma suna da sabbin magana don juyin da kara. Saboda hanyoyin kulan da suka fi yawa, fadin da suka fi tsawo, da kuma hanyoyin kudin da suka fi yawa, suka yi amfani da su a masu kananan 10kV ta hanyar tashar karamin ruwa da kuma masu kananan da suka yi amfani da su a cikin tashar karamin ruwa. Amma, hanyoyin kulan da suka fi yawa da fadin da suka fi tsawon su ya haifar da su a wajen amfani a wasu hukumomin tashar karamin ruwa.
1 Mafi girman RMUs da kula
Zaɓi 1 na nuna hukumomin tashar karamin ruwa mai yawa, inda an bukata a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kyautar fuse don kula, da kuma an bukata a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da voltage transformer (VT) don biyu 10/0.1/0.22kV cast resin VTs. Idan ake buƙatar RMUs da kula kamar Schneider’s RM6 ko ABB’s Safenng, ba za a iya tabbatar da hukumomin tashar karamin ruwa ba.
1.1 Mafi girman buƙatar arresters a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kyautar fuse
Don tashar karamin ruwa da kyautar fuse, duk biyu suna da inganci da take da tashar karamin ruwa da Type-C bushings (IEC 60137-compliant), wanda ke iya amfani da T-type cable accessories da kuma plug-in arresters. A cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kyautar fuse:
- Safenng: Kyautar fuse da suka fitowa a hannu (Zaɓi 2) ke taimaka waɗansu da take da tashar karamin ruwa, wanda ke iya amfani da plug-in arrester.
- RM6: Kyautar fuse da suka fitowa a tsakiyar tafki (Zaɓi 3) ke haifar da tashar karamin ruwa, da Type-A bushings ke haifar da amfani da elbow/straight types. Ba da inganci don plug-in arresters, da kuma ba da arresters a kasar don elbow/straight accessories.
1.2 Mafi girman buƙatar VTs a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da VTs
Tashar karamin ruwa da VTs na buƙata trihi HV fuse units da biyu single-phase VTs a V-connected configuration (dual-winding, 10/0.1kV don metering, 10/0.22kV don power supply; ≥1000VA secondary output). RMUs da kula (kamar Schneider SM6) suna da inganci (500×840×950mm). Amma, RMUs da kula suna da tashar karamin ruwa mai yawa (~400×350×700mm), wanda ba da inganci don tashar karamin ruwa, connection cables, exposed fuses, VTs, ko 125mm phase-to-phase/ground clearance.
Muhimmanci suna daɗe tashar karamin ruwa mai yawa a nan a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kyautar fuse don VTs da fuses, da kuma suna daɗe waɗansu a nan. Amma, wadannan ya haifar da:
- Amninsa a lokacin da ake yi aiki a tashar karamin ruwa da VTs saboda rashin mechanical interlocks.
- Fadin da suka fi tsawo da tsari a tashar karamin ruwa da cikin gwamnati.
2 Zaɓukan don buƙatar arresters
2.1 Rufe arresters
DL/T 620-1997 Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination for AC Electrical Installations ya buƙata su duka suka yi amfani da surge arresters don tashar karamin ruwa >50m da suka sanya da tashar karamin ruwa. Don ≤50m tashar karamin ruwa, an iya yi amfani da arresters a nan a nan. Amma, standard ba ya buƙata su duka suka yi amfani da arresters a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kula da 10kV gas-insulated RMUs.
A cikin birnin da ake samar da ita, ana iya samun lightning protection networks mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da adadin al'adu da suka faru. Tashar karamin ruwa da suka sanya da tashar karamin ruwa suna da shi a cikin birnin, wanda ke haifar da adadin al'adu da suka faru zuwa tashar karamin ruwa. Daga baya, ana iya rufe T-type arrester accessories a cikin birnin. RMUs da kula a Zhejiang Province suna yi aiki da shiga bayan shekaru da ba suka yi amfani da arresters. Saboda haka, arresters zai iya rufe a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kula a cikin birnin.
2.2 Tsari don yanayin arresters
Don tashar karamin ruwa da tashar karamin ruwa da suka sanya da tashar karamin ruwa >50m a cikin birnin da cikin gwamnati, an buƙata su duka suka yi amfani da arresters. Don pure load switch units, duk biyu suna da shi. Don load switch-fuse units, zai iya bayyana kyautar fuse da suka fitowa a hannu don taimaka waɗansu, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman retrofitting.
3 Zaɓukan don buƙatar VTs
Don taimaka waɗansu a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da VTs, an buƙata su duka suka yi amfani da kula da kuma inganci.
3.1 Taimaka waɗansu a cikin kula
Amfani da fuses/VTs da ake amfani a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kula a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kula ke haifar da tsari. Amsa na da shi shine amfani da components da suka da kula, kamar JSZV16-10R VT. Abubuwan da suka da shi:
- American-style cable accessories don kula da shiga.
- Built-in replaceable fuses a cikin terminals da suka da kula.
- Rated voltage: 10/0.1/0.22kV.
Wiring configuration:
- Load switch side: European-style touchable T-type accessories.
- VT side: American-style 20kV touchable elbow accessories (compatible with VT fuses).
- Zaɓi 4 na nuna VT da American-style accessories.
Duk abubuwan suna da kula da shiga. Amma, JSZV16-10R VT suna da fadin da suka fi tsawo (wanda ake buƙata don tashar karamin ruwa da kula a cikin gwamnati), wanda ke haifar da 220V output ≤2×400VA—wanda ke da shi don DC battery charging da lighting.
3.2 Taimaka waɗansu a cikin inganci
A cikin layouts da ake buƙata, ba da inganci don VTs da tashar karamin ruwa. An yi amfani da biyu amsa:
- Top-mounted VT box: External cables da kuma mafi girman aiki a tashar karamin ruwa da VTs (wanda ke haifar da mechanical interlocks).
- Bottom-mounted VT base (implemented):
- Yadda ake daɗe tashar karamin ruwa a nan a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da kula.
- Height: 400mm, compatible with 700mm-high tashar karamin ruwa.
- Yadda ake daɗe mechanical interlocking don aiki a tashar karamin ruwa da VTs.
Result: Wannan design ya taimaka waɗansu a cikin tashar karamin ruwa da VTs da kula, da kuma ya taimaka waɗansu a cikin aiki a tashar karamin ruwa da VTs.
